TOP 10 projects of one-story houses with a garage

SHARE ON SOCIAL NETWORKS

FacebookTwitterOkGoogle+PinterestVk

Projects of one-story houses with a garage attract developers with their functional architecture and beauty. Therefore, more and more people prefer such solutions that provide everything they need for living outside the city. This article will help you understand the advantages and disadvantages of certain projects, and will also provide clear examples of successful layouts and photos of buildings made of different materials.

One-story houses with a garage for a car - a functional architectural solution

Advantages and disadvantages of one-story houses

At one time, two-story houses gained enormous popularity. This is not surprising, because their dimensions will be much more compact than one-story ones, even with the same area. However, upon reasonable reflection, it is not difficult to conclude that a single-tier building has many advantages, which in many cases will be the determining criteria when choosing a project.

Let's start with the most important stage of any construction - the construction of the foundation. For buildings with several floors, a deeper, reinforced foundation is required. Of course, the cost of construction work and the materials themselves will be many times higher than in the case of organizing a simplified foundation, which is quite sufficient for most one-story houses;
Thanks to the possibility of using a lightweight type of foundation, most of the restrictions associated with the characteristics of the soil in the area intended for construction are removed;
It is also essential save money It is also possible during the further construction of walls. Due to the fact that they are not required to support the weight of the second tier, there is no need to strengthen them. At the same time, the choice of building materials themselves will be wider;
Work on wiring various communications will be simpler, and therefore will require less materials. And installation work will have a much lower cost;
The costs of purchasing materials and work will also be significantly lower, and accordingly the cost of construction will be more acceptable;
Another fact in favor of economic benefits is that it is much cheaper to heat a one-story house in winter. And the house will heat up faster and more evenly;
Single-tier structures can be called safer, especially for those families with children or elderly people. Why? The answer is more than simple - in such houses there are no stairs that can pose a danger;
And finally, from a psychological point of view, such buildings are perceived holistically, without division, as is the case with two-story ones, which means the family positions itself in the subconscious as a single whole. And this is very important for healthy relationships between relatives.

As for the disadvantages:

Large costs during the construction process will be associated with the inevitable need to erect a large roof area. But even after construction, the costs will not stop and will be associated with the need to carry out regularly scheduled repairs;
Single-story houses with a large area require sufficient territory for construction. If this is not possible, you will have to reduce the area of the house and accordingly sacrifice the size of future rooms;
When designing a one-story living space, there is a high probability that most of the rooms will be walk-through. Of course, this can be avoided, and choosing the right project will help you do this.

Influence of climatic and soil conditions

An equally important factor influencing the feasibility of installing an underground garage is the groundwater level at the construction site. Unlike the foundation, which can be protected from moisture with the help of adhesive and coating waterproofing even with your own hands, the opening under the gate cannot be saved from groundwater using such techniques.

Layout option for a 12x11 cottage with an underground garage

The entry and exit to an underground garage can be protected from water ingress only by installing wall drainage and releasing groundwater into a low-lying area of the terrain. Obviously, such a project will increase the cost of construction. Therefore, it is advisable to plan an underground garage in dry soil with a height difference of about one meter at the building site.

Even if these conditions coincide, problems remain. If the slope of the entrance ramp is directed towards the house, then measures related to the drainage of surface water are necessary. The only acceptable option should be to install a tray at the bottom point of the ramp with the release of water to a level with a lower height. The possibility of solving this problem should be assessed at the stage of formulating the project application.

The concept of a house that meets European standards

We all strive for a European standard of living. And we really have something to borrow, because their technologies are more advanced and thoughtful. truly well-planned and constructed house must meet four main criteria:

Reliability. This means that the house should be built from materials that will not require regular and specific maintenance, will not shrink or lose their quality under the influence of environmental factors. Therefore, in European countries, concrete and ceramic bricks or ceramic blocks are used. They are durable, plus you will not have any difficulties when you need to resell your home. Indeed, thanks to the durability of such materials, the issue of illiquidity will not affect you;
Comfort. This point implies the presence of a healthy indoor microclimate. Accordingly, the house must have a proper ventilation system and cleaning filters at air intake points, which will allow relatives to breathe clean air. The temperature should be comfortable, and its control should be quick and simple. And most importantly, in your home you should be surrounded by peace and quiet, and not by the sound of cars passing nearby or the screams of neighboring children;
Innovative technologies. Which should be used for thermal insulation not only of walls, but also of the foundation and roof, minimizing heat loss thanks, for example, to the recovery method, independent ventilation system, etc.;

Low operating costs . That is, after commissioning, the house should require minimal costs for its maintenance, ongoing repairs and heating. To achieve such results, it is necessary to use construction and finishing materials of appropriate quality and energy-efficient glazing systems.

Let's move on directly to the consideration of finished projects.

Is it worth doing?

As follows from all of the above, building an underground garage in an individual house is not so simple. The pros and cons of this choice can be objectively assessed only taking into account the totality of factors influencing the project. However, a significant number of conditions that require consideration and the correct choice of solutions should alert the developer and encourage him to consider simpler options.

Many of the amenities expected from an underground garage can be obtained by simply integrating the garage into the building. The cost of a couple of walls and a light roof layout may be much lower than the funds spent on resolving the problematic issues of a supposedly free garage in the basement.

Project of a two-story log cottage with an underground garage

Another option worth considering is a semi-recessed garage. The entrance is arranged at the level of the basement or courtyard. The garage increases the built-up area of the house, but does not have risky design solutions. This arrangement is especially suitable for so-called one-and-a-half-story buildings, with a difference of half a floor between building levels.

Project No. 1 – “Hannover”

An example of a well-organized space with an area of 129 square meters. This is a ready-made project for a one-story house, which can be called an ideal option for comfortable living for a small family of 2-3 people. This project perfectly combines all the necessary qualities:

Initially, the whole idea of whether you like a house or not depends on its external attractiveness. In this case, we can say that the facade has regular, clear lines that are almost symmetrical, is not overloaded with unnecessary elements, and is very restrained and neat. This is a big plus, since it will not draw attention to itself, distracting from the beauty of the local area;
The layout is thought out to the smallest detail , which allows rational use of every square meter;
The entrance to the house is a covered porch. Behind the front door there is a spacious and fairly wide corridor, which will allow you to install a spacious wardrobe;
The central place is occupied by the living room combined with the dining room. A nice feature is the provided space for a fireplace;
Adjacent to the dining room is a covered spacious terrace, which makes it possible to organize lunches and dinners in the fresh air during the warm season. Thanks to such a close location, you don’t have to go through the entire house to take ready-made dishes outside;
From the living room there are separate entrances to two separate bedrooms of sufficient size. One of them contains a dressing room, and the other has space for a closet. Both rooms have large windows that will provide the proper level of lighting;
Depending on the personal preferences and needs of future owners, the developer offers two layout options, which have minor differences;
In the first case, problems with a lack of storage space will definitely not arise, given that from the corridor there is an exit to another wardrobe. Because of this, the bathroom has a smaller area and can only accommodate a shower stall.
Conveniently, from the wardrobe you can get directly into the garage, designed for one car. This means you won’t have to go outside in the cold again. There is an exit from the garage in the technical area. room, and from it to the porch of the backyard;
In the second case, there is no wardrobe. And there is no way to go from the garage directly into the house. But almost 10 square meters are allocated for the bathroom, which can really be called a room. It includes a shower, a bidet, a bath or a small sauna;
Please note that almost all rooms have the correct shape and sufficient area;

Project No. 2 – “Z131”

This standard project is radically different from the previous one. Its area is slightly larger - 138 square meters. And the house itself is designed to accommodate a family of 3-4 people. The difference also lies in the possibility of arranging an attic.

The facade of the house can be safely classified as modest, but modern and attractive;
The entrance to the house is covered, and is made in the form of a small veranda, where you can place a small table and a couple of captive chairs;
The garage doors are also located on the same line as the front door. The layout does not provide for access to the house from the garage;
The garage area is slightly more than 20 square meters, which makes it possible to place only one car;
From the garage you can go into a small additional room, which can be used as a technical room, and from there you can exit onto a small but very cozy terrace;
Behind the front door there is a small hallway with a convenient square shape, which provides space for a large closet;
Next we see an L-shaped corridor from which you can enter 7 different rooms. This form of passage made it possible to make all the rooms not walk-through, but isolated. This is a definite plus of this layout;
The house has three full bedrooms with space for a wardrobe, each of which has a large window;
Between the two bedrooms there is a first bathroom, spacious enough to accommodate everything you need;
On the right along the corridor there is a second, more modest in size bathroom with a shower. This creates additional convenience when all family members gather somewhere at the same time;
Opposite it there is a room that can be used as a study or a small library. Or come up with your own arrangement. You may have always dreamed of having a yoga room;
Living room, area 30 sq. meters attracts with its spaciousness and the presence of a fireplace, which makes it cozy given its size. The living room is combined with an equally spacious dining room, which includes a small but spacious storage room;
From the living room you can access the spacious terrace through large glass sliding doors. This element gives the room functionality and progressiveness.

Project No. 3 - “Z200”

This is an example of a well-planned home with a two-car garage that has everything you need. The total area is 171.7 square meters. meters. The rooms in this case are even more spacious. This is especially true for bedrooms.

The room intended for the garage protrudes relative to the main part of the house, in which the living rooms are located. Thanks to this solution, the path to the front door runs along the side wall of the garage and is covered;
Many customers prefer this option, because this creates a feeling of comfort and greater security;
Upon entering the house, you find yourself in a small square hallway, in which there is a wardrobe on the right. On the left there is a door leading to a small room where you can install another cabinet or various shelving;
From this room you can go directly to the garage. This arrangement makes it more convenient to carry things from home to the car or unpack purchases;
From the garage there is access to a larger room adjacent to the small dressing room. It is intended for a boiler room;
It is noteworthy that these two rooms do not have a passage between themselves;
Walking straight through a small hallway, we find ourselves in a corridor in which there are two bathrooms. One of them contains only a washbasin and toilet. The second one is complete. And from the same corridor we can go into three separate bedrooms of almost the same area and into a spacious living room;
I would like to pay special attention to the living room, since it has three advantages at once. A fireplace area that will make winter evenings more cozy, access to a large covered terrace. And the most interesting thing is an area with a large glass area, which is specially located in the dining area;
This layout will also please those who are not fans of combined space. Since the kitchen here is isolated from the living room using a modern glass sliding door;
The storage space in the dining room, which is represented by a pantry with an area of 3.3 square meters, has also been thought out.

Advantages of an underground garage

At first glance, a garage located in the basement of a building looks like an almost ideal solution. In any case, you need to build a basement in your house. If not a basement, then at least a foundation. By slightly increasing its height in the basement or by deepening the support part, you get a quite spacious room. Almost free and do it yourself.

An additional attractiveness of this layout is provided by the low aesthetic requirements attached to the storage area for personal vehicles. Minor effort to cosmetically decorate the space makes it usable.

Option for a three-story cottage with a garage in the basement

In addition to the obvious construction advantages, the psychological factor plays an important role. It's nice to know that the car is not somewhere far away, but directly in the same building. The level of security is incomparably higher. You can access the car without even going outside, directly from the residential area.

Moreover, the car does not freeze in cold weather, since the basement provides positive temperatures. For many territories of Russia this is an important circumstance. Instead of struggling with starting a frozen engine, the owner of a house with an underground garage simply opens the gate, gets in and drives.

Project No. 4 – “Summer”

If your house is located in a picturesque location, be sure to pay attention to this project. It will not leave indifferent those who enjoy the beauty of nature. The area of the house is 126.5 square meters. meters and is designed for a family of 2-3 people. However, if you change the functional purpose of one of the rooms, you can comfortably accommodate a family of 3-4 people.

The structure itself has a regular geometric shape, which makes it very compact in appearance;
To enter the house, you first need to climb some small steps and pass through a trapezoidal veranda;
Next we find ourselves in a vestibule, on both walls of which there are storage areas;
The vestibule is separated from the spacious hall by a door, which allows you to keep the cold from the front door out of the house;
From the hall, 8 doors lead to different rooms isolated from each other;
To the right and left, opposite each other, are two spacious bedrooms;
One of them has a door leading to a large bathroom. Whether it is convenient or not is a rather controversial issue;
Another bathroom can be accessed directly from the corridor, and from it into a small laundry room;
There was also room for a small wardrobe;
The kitchen-living room is an integral space and occupies a fairly large area;
The main feature of this house is the large corner covered terrace adjacent to this particular room;
There is also an entrance to the terrace from the street. That is, you can enter the house from the backyard;
The area of the room allocated for the office is almost 22 square meters. meters. If desired, it can be converted into another bedroom;
From the hall you can also access the large summer kitchen through a small corridor. From the kitchen there is access to the street;
Also from the summer kitchen you can go to the garage, which is designed for one car.

Device Features

The main difference between a built-in garage and the rest of the basement wall is obviously the opening for the gate.

Project of a cottage with a built-in semi-underground garage

Usually its width is made from two meters and fifty centimeters to three meters. The location of the opening under a load-bearing or self-supporting wall requires the installation of a beam that has the necessary load-bearing capacity. It can be a monolithic reinforced concrete, prefabricated reinforced concrete or steel beam. The house design must give a clear answer to this question. The beam is calculated and selected based on the results of collecting the loads acting on it.

The garage floor should be made of non-combustible materials. You should refrain from using wooden elements. It is best to use reinforced concrete hollow core slabs of the required length.

A monolithic reinforced concrete floor is well suited for an underground garage. You can even build it with your own hands, based on your own experience. It is important to follow all the recommendations included in the project regarding the construction of reinforcement, the provision of a protective layer and the grade of concrete itself.

Project No. 5 – “Falcon Mountain”

This project is an example of the successful placement of three bedrooms, a spacious living room with a bay window, and a spacious garage for 2 cars. The area of the house is 151 sq. m. meter.

The garage is an extension with an area of 41 sq. m. meter with two windows and does not have access to the main part of the house;
But from the garage there is access to the backyard, next to which there is a porch with another entrance door leading directly to the kitchen-dining room;
That is, to enter a house, it is not necessary to walk around it in a circle;
The central entrance is also located on a small porch and is located on the same side as the entrance to the garage;
Entering the house, we find ourselves in a small vestibule, separated from the hallway by a door. From an energy efficiency point of view, this is a very good decision;
The hallway is L-shaped with a small branch. From it you can go into a spacious living room with a bay window;
In the kitchen-dining room separated from the living room;
In the bathroom, which is also separate, which for many is more convenient than the combined option;
Such a successful and compact layout made it possible to allocate space for three separate bedrooms of different but sufficient sizes;
A small feature of this project is the presence of a window in the bathroom. Some people, on the contrary, will consider this a drawback, but if designed correctly, this element can become a key highlight. Moreover, a window in the bathroom in an apartment and a window in the bathroom in your home are two big differences.

Project No. 6 – “Comfort”

This is an example of the layout of a large house with an area of 180 square meters. meters. Its special feature is the presence of a large covered terrace

, a garage, which is equipped with a basement and panoramic glazing in the spacious living room.

Let's tell you a little more about the garage. There is a small basement underneath. Also, the right decision was to install a furnace room in the garage. By moving this room out of the general layout, the remaining rooms were made more spacious;
From the furnace room you can go directly into the house;
The front entrance is located on the covered porch. If desired, you can allocate space here for a bench or a small table with chairs;
Next to the front door there is another one leading to the utility room, from which you can enter the garage or exit into the hall. This will make it very convenient to carry things into the car;
Adjacent to the utility room is a guest bathroom, which contains only a washbasin and toilet;
The hall smoothly turns into a corridor. Both of these zones represent two connected letters “G”;
The kitchen and living room are connected by a sliding glass door, so at the same time they can be called separate rooms;
An attractive aspect of this project is the presence of a large terrace adjacent to the kitchen. The passage between them is a large glazing with a door. Those who like frequent get-togethers with friends will like this solution;
The living room also has a large glass area on the end wall. The windows of these rooms overlook the backyard, where the most beautiful elements of landscape design are often located;
The rest of the house is occupied by three spacious bedrooms, accessible through the corridor;
The main combined bathroom and the adjacent wardrobe are of sufficient size.

The influence of an underground garage on the layout of a house

Despite the logic of using part of the basement for car storage, such a decision negatively affects the building design. Typically, the entrance is made from the main facade, so as not to increase the length of the courtyard driveways and areas. The consequence is a complication of the building facade due to the appearance of a section of the wall located below the blind area.

The interior layout of the house also suffers. Providing convenient access from the living area to the garage is more difficult than simply organizing access to the basement. It is permissible to build a basement staircase in any convenient place. To enter the garage, it is desirable that it be in the area of the entrance node.

You don’t have to make a passage to the garage from the living area by providing access to it through the yard.

Underground floor plan with garage

It is quite obvious that such a compromise already means giving up many of the amenities for which it made sense to build an underground garage.

Project No. 7 – “Z311”

An example of a chic, spacious house to comfortably accommodate a large family of 5 people and a spacious garage for two cars. The total area of the building is 201 sq. m. meter.

The garage is slightly moved forward relative to the façade of the building. Thanks to this, the entrance to the house is a small covered terrace;
From the garage there is an opportunity to go to a fairly spacious technical room, as well as a small dressing room;
From it you can go directly into the hallway, where there is a large wardrobe. This small room is separated from the area where there are passages to the living rooms by a door;
A long hallway leads to three separate bedrooms, which are adjacent to each other. Each of them has space for installing a large and spacious wardrobe;
The fourth bedroom is the largest in area, with space allocated for a wardrobe;
Three bedrooms have access to a long terrace that encircles almost half of the house;
There is also access to the terrace from the huge living room with an area of 40 sq. m. meters, which is combined with the dining room;
A small nook was provided in the kitchen for installing shelving or cabinets, thus solving the problem of lack of storage space;
One cannot ignore the fact that the layout allows for as many as four bathrooms to be placed in the house. The largest allows you to install a full bath, the other two smaller rooms are designed for a shower, and the fourth contains a sink and a washing machine;

Project No. 8 – “L-shaped house”

This is an example of a project that is perfectly adapted to the characteristics of the building site. After all, it is not always possible to get a plot of the correct shape in the form of a square or rectangle. Or, in addition to the house itself, there is a need to equip a small playground in front of the porch or a beautiful flower garden. Then such a solution will help you carve out some free space, but at the same time not lose any comfort. The building area is 210 sq. m. meters. Moreover, the house is designed for a family of 2-3 people.

The layout of the house is quite simple, which in this case is only an advantage, and all rooms, including service areas, are very spacious;
Upon entering the house, you find yourself in a vestibule with beautiful glazing, large enough to place a small sofa, a clothes hanger, and comfortably remove shoes and outerwear. Families with a small child will especially appreciate this decision;
The vestibule is separated from the spacious hall by a door, which will prevent cold from entering the living space when the front door is opened;
From the hall, 5 doors lead to two bedrooms, the area of which is more than 20 sq. m. meters, into a large bathroom with a window, an area of almost 14.5 square meters. meters, an equally spacious boiler room, which has a window and access to a beautiful semicircular porch, and a kitchen of 16 square meters. meters with two large windows;
The big advantage is that all rooms are isolated from each other, except for the large living room with a bay window, which does not have a door partition and is a spectacular continuation of the hall;
Another advantage of this project is the spacious garage for two cars, the area of which is almost 50 sq. m. meters. If necessary, you can equip it with storage spaces for various large items. For example, a children's bicycle, an inflatable spoon, folding furniture for a summer playground, etc.;
The garage does not have a connection with the house, but there is a door that allows access to the backyard;

Ventilation and fire safety

A car and fuels and lubricants are a source of increased fire hazard. Volatile liquids spread unpleasant odors that easily penetrate into other rooms. Therefore, the garage room should be as isolated as possible from everyone else. When developing a project, you need to be guided by the requirements

SNiP 2.01.02-85* “Fire safety standards”;
SNiP 21-01-97* “Fire safety of buildings and structures”;
SNiP 41-01-2003 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”.

Some work on installing seals and insulating openings is easy to do with your own hands. The room must be equipped with natural and forced exhaust ventilation.

Detailed diagram of garage ventilation

With a garage area of twenty square meters, air exchange should be carried out at a rate of 60 cubic meters per hour.

Project No. 9 – “House with a garage under one roof”

In most cases, the garage clearly stands out relative to the residential part of the house, since, in fact, it is an extension. Not everyone likes such an obvious contrast, so we bring to your attention a house project in which the garage is an organic continuation of it and is located under the same roof as the living area. The area of the house is 200 square meters.

Initially, the layout includes two bedrooms, but it is possible to convert a spacious office of 20 square meters. meters for another rest room. This will make it possible for a family of 3-4 people to live comfortably;
Despite the rather modest appearance of the building itself, it contains everything you need;
The vestibule, also known as the wardrobe, has an area of 10 square meters. meters. There is also an exit from the vestibule to the attic, where you can store things that are rarely used;
There is another fairly spacious wardrobe with a convenient folding door in addition to the provided wardrobes in all bedrooms;
The spacious kitchen-dining room, combined with the living room, has access to a trapezoidal covered terrace with glazing;
There are also small steps in the backyard leading to the terrace;
One of the bedrooms has a door to a spacious bathroom;
A door in the hallway leads to the second bathroom with shower;
A special feature of this project is the presence of a sauna, which is adjacent to a smaller bathroom;
The garage has an area of almost 30 square meters and is designed for one car;
From the garage you can access the spacious summer kitchen, which has everything you need. And from it, going down some small steps, you can go straight out into the backyard;
It is impossible not to pay attention to the beautiful entrance to the house, which is made in the form of a small porch, and to the elegant arched windows on the facades, which give the house a special charm;

Engineering solutions in a mini-house

The house is heated by an electric convector with a power of 2 kW.

The convector operates in 2 modes - 1 and 2 kW. In the winter months, heating costs approximately 800-1000 rubles. The convector, when the owners leave, works to maintain the temperature at + 4 ° C so that the house, plumbing and water supply pipes do not freeze, and upon arrival the temperature rises to + 20 degrees. The cold water pipe contains a heating cable. Water heater, volume 50 l, mounted on the mezzanine.

Project No. 10 – “House with a flat roof”

This project will appeal to those who prefer modern trends in architecture, correct, clear forms and practicality. So far, the construction of houses with flat roofs is not very common in Russia, but this is only a matter of time.

I would like to immediately note the most obvious thing - the original appearance of the building. In addition, a flat roof allows you to save on building materials and the need to erect a complex rafter system, as would be the case with a conventional pitched roof;
In addition to saving money, you have a unique opportunity to organize a spacious summer terrace on the roof, sunbathe, have open-air parties or just admire the stars. You must admit, there is something special and attractive about this;
The area of the house is 136.5 square meters. meters without taking into account the area of the huge covered terrace, which is a beautiful continuation of the facade, and the area of the garage. Part of the canopy over the terrace is translucent, which makes it possible to place sun loungers under it and enjoy the diffused sunlight;
The rest of the roof above the terrace, which in this place adjoins the large living room combined with the dining room, is made of one piece. Just under it there is a large sliding glass door through which you can go directly into the living room;
The front door is located on the opposite side of the facade. Immediately behind it there is a small vestibule, from which you can go into the corridor connecting all the other rooms;
To the left of the vestibule is the first guest bathroom, behind it there is a small room in which you can organize a pantry or wardrobe;
Also in the corridor there are two niches for installing a large wardrobe and a chest of drawers or a shelving unit;
The layout provided for two more bathrooms in front of the bedrooms, which is very convenient if the family is large. One of them has only a shower cabin, the other also has a bathtub;
Next to the bathroom there is another wardrobe;
A special feature of the house is the hinged glass doors in each of the bedrooms, through which you can access the terrace;
The spacious garage allows you to park two cars.

As you can see, one-story houses can be just as functional and beautiful as multi-story buildings. But at the same time they require much less investment during construction.

The article was written for the site.

Tags:House projects

The influence of topography on the possibility of constructing a garage

Let's consider a conventional foundation structure. For example, it has a depth of one and a half meters below the blind area and a height of half a meter above it. Thus, the basement floor is at a depth of one and a half meters relative to the blind area. It's minimum. In fact, more is needed.

Even this minimum portends great difficulties. The terrain in front of the building's facade should be sharply lowered in order to build an entrance ramp and a platform near the garage door. Formally, part of the foundation should be deepened to the freezing depth measured from the level of the basement floor. But this is usually not done when trying to solve soil protection issues in any other way.

The relative possibility of inserting a gate into the foundation wall can only be ensured if the project involves a lowering of the topography towards the gate.

An example of an underground garage using the terrain

Therefore, the question of the feasibility and possibility of constructing an underground garage should begin with an analysis of the topography of the future development site.

To increase the height of the room to at least two meters and forty centimeters, it is necessary to either further lower the level of the basement floor, sharply increasing its depth, or increase the base of the house. Both solutions are bad. They complicate the project and lead to a pointless increase in costs for almost the entire foundation, for the sake of creating convenience in one room.