Most country property owners use natural gas for heating. But this energy carrier is an explosive substance, posing a threat to residents and the building itself. Before equipping gas boiler rooms, you need to familiarize yourself with the official requirements. This guarantees safety when using gas-powered equipment.
Gas workers will not issue permits if the installation is carried out with violations.
We recommend reading: Documents required when connecting gas
Standards for private houses
According to the regulations, gas heating equipment can only be placed in rooms with good ventilation, which are located:
- On the first floor of the building;
- At the plinth level or in the basement;
- In the attic;
- In the kitchen (only boilers with a power of no more than 35 kW are suitable for installation in kitchens).
In the latter case, it is necessary to take into account not one standard, but two at once. The first of them allows you to install units with a power of up to 35 kW, and the second - up to 60 kW. These standards refer only to heating equipment - no requirements are imposed on any other devices using gas.
To know exactly what standard needs to be followed in a particular situation, you need to contact your local gas service - it is their employees who will put the equipment into operation after installation. Information about current standards can also be obtained from the designer - in the end, the source of information is not particularly important, only the result is important.
The result in this case is an understanding of the rules for installing gas boilers. In addition, you need to have an idea of what kind of room is needed for a gas boiler so that it can be installed and put into operation, having gone through the stage of coordination with the relevant services.
The placement of a gas boiler in a private house, depending on its total power, should be carried out as follows:
- Power up to 150 kW - installation is possible on any floor where there is a free separate room;
- Power from 150 to 350 kW - equipment can be installed in a separate room no higher than the first floor, as well as in extensions.
If the equipment power exceeds 350 kW, then it is prohibited to use it in private homes.
Network load calculation
When deciding how to install an outlet for an air conditioner, you should take into account the power consumption of the electrical device.
This is necessary to ensure reliable power supply to the cooling system and eliminate the possibility of an emergency. This information is contained in the technical data sheet of the device. To cool a larger area of the room, choose a more powerful air conditioner. The maximum load on the network when operating household air conditioning systems does not exceed 10A. Therefore, when installing them, you can use a standard plug socket with a rated load of 16A. High power cooling devices are used for large areas. Their installation is carried out using special equipment for direct connection. The connection point, regardless of power, must have a grounding device. If other household appliances are connected to the line, the total power is taken into account in the calculations.
The distance from the gas pipeline to the electric cable is a distance determined by the need to comply with the security zone of both types of structures, their location and broadcast intensity.
Standards for installing a gas boiler in the kitchen
If the kitchen is selected as a site for installing gas heating or water heating equipment with a power of no more than 60 kW, the room must meet several requirements:
- The total volume of the room for installing a gas boiler must exceed 15 m3, and another cubic meter is added for each kilowatt of boiler power;
- The height of the room must exceed 2.5 m;
- The ventilation system must provide exhaust volume three times the size of the room;
- The air flow through the ventilation system should also be three times the volume of the room, and this value does not include part of the air spent on the combustion process;
- The room under the gas boiler must have a window with a window (the area of the window is selected depending on the thickness of the glass);
- The room door should not be located close to the floor, but at such a distance that the total gap area exceeds 0.025 m2.
There is an additional rule that is not noted in the standards, but requires fulfillment - gas heating equipment can only be installed in those rooms that have a door. Failure to comply with this rule (as well as all others) always leads to refusal to put the boiler into operation.
Today, meeting the requirement for a door in a room with a gas boiler can be problematic. In modern construction there is a tendency to remove most partitions and form arches in doorways. The solution to the problem may be non-standard door options. Glass doors are also a good option, as they do not overload the interior, but still perform their function.
How to avoid problems?
First of all, following the rules is your health and safety for your life.
Therefore, if you combine gas and electric, use a few simple recommendations:
- Follow the rules of the PUE and SP exactly.
- At the entrance to your apartment, install a protective shutdown device that guarantees a power outage in case of problems with the neutral wire.
- Before installing the wiring, make sure that the new one will match the wiring of the old circuit (if it does not change).
- A gas stove cannot be grounded through a gas pipeline, just like ordinary household items that run on electricity.
And in addition, be sure to use the services of experienced electricians and enter into contracts when installing electrics for gas appliances.
Always check the license and documents of the gas workers whom you call to install gas-using equipment. In addition, be sure to conclude a bilateral agreement and check that the electrical installation of the devices is carried out in accordance with all the rules
All these recommendations will help you avoid problems with regulatory authorities and ensure a safe energy supply.
Requirements for individual premises
Boiler rooms located in separate rooms must meet a number of requirements, which are very similar to the previous ones:
- The ceiling must be at a height of over 2.5 m;
- The area and volume of the room are selected depending on individual preferences, but the minimum allowable volume is 15 m3;
- Each boiler room wall must have a fire resistance limit of 0.75 hours and no flame spread (brick, concrete and building blocks meet this requirement);
- Ventilation is subject to the same requirements as when installing a boiler in the kitchen - three times the outflow and the same amount of air intake, increased by the volume of oxygen consumed during the combustion process;
- The room must have at least one window with a glazing area of 0.03 m2 per 1 m3 of room volume.
When installing gas boilers with a power of over 150 kW, it must be possible to exit the boiler room directly onto the street. Placing a gas boiler in an individual residential building assumes that the equipment cannot be adjacent to living rooms. In any case, the boiler room must be equipped exclusively with fire doors.
An important point is that the room standards for installing a gas boiler take into account the glazing area, and not the size of the window itself. In some situations, it is regulated that the room must have at least one glass with an area of more than 0.8 m2. If necessary, such a window can even be placed in the door - there are no rules about its location in the regulations, and in this case there is no need to track the distance from the boiler to the window.
Scheme of arrangement of power supply and ventilation
According to regulations and technical conditions, the gas boiler must also be connected to the electrical network. Run a cable with a cross section of 1.5x3 mm from the meter. Don't forget to install a circuit breaker that will protect against power surges.
Be sure to ground the equipment. The minimum distance from the nearest outlet to the gas appliance should not be less than 10-12 cm.
To ensure maximum productivity of a gas boiler, good ventilation must be provided. To do this, install a special grille, which should be placed at a distance of 25-30 cm from the ceiling. The minimum size of the hole should be 10x10 cm. Fresh air may be taken from non-residential premises, the street or the corridor.
Important! Calculate the ventilation area based on government regulations. For 10 kW of boiler power, 0.001 m2 will be required.
If you connect a heating device to a coaxial chimney, it can be discharged through an external wall. In this case, fresh air enters through the pipe from the street, and smoke and combustion products are freely removed outside.
Extension of boiler rooms
Of course, it is very convenient to have a separate room for gas equipment, but this is not always possible, and you have to think about where to place a gas boiler in a private house under such conditions. The solution to the problem is to add a boiler room.
The standards in this case coincide with those described above, but there are a number of additional requirements:
- The boiler room can only be attached to a solid wall;
- The distance between the nearest window or door should be more than one meter;
- The boiler room can only be laid out using non-combustible materials that can last at least 0.75 hours before ignition;
- The walls of the boiler room itself must be erected separately from the main building - i.e. you will need your own foundation and four new walls.
In order for a gas line to be installed into an equipped boiler room, the building must be registered. In the absence of appropriate documents, representatives of the gas service will simply refuse to approve the equipment, even if all standards are met.
If the main building has not yet been built, then during the design process you need to find out what the room for the gas boiler should be like and comply with all the requirements, otherwise putting the boiler into operation will be impossible. When installing a boiler in an already constructed building, you can allow small deviations in some parameters, but they must be compensated for by others.
Indirect heating boilers
- Device and principle of operation
- Features of DHW with recirculation
- Advantages of indirect water heating
- Are there any disadvantages?
- Main characteristics
- Volume of the tank
- Heating method
- Heat exchanger area
- Heating temperature
- Coating
- Magnesium anode
- Indirect heating boiler options for the family
- Baxi UBT 80
- Federica Bugatti KBS-B 100
- Baxi UB 400 SC+
- Federica Bugatti KBD-B 500
Device and principle of operation
The design of an indirect heating boiler is a tank with a heat exchanger installed inside. Heating of water occurs as a result of the transfer of heat from the coolant from the heat source (most often a gas boiler) to the heated water. Thermal energy losses are reduced by insulating the tank walls with heat-insulating material.
Some models of indirect heating boilers provide several heat exchangers, which allows you to receive heat from different sources. Distilled water or ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, antifreeze and other special liquids are used as a coolant. The water heater device includes pipes for coolant, cold and heated water, and some models have pipes for installing a temperature sensor and recirculation.
Using the principle of indirect heating makes it possible to rationally use energy with a slight increase in its consumption. The specified temperature regime is maintained with minimal energy costs due to the division of the coolant flow. One part of it goes to the coil, the other goes into the heating system, and the waste liquid is returned to the boiler.
Features of DHW with recirculation
A hot water supply system with recirculation is used to eliminate the inertia of hot water supply. This organization of hot water supply assumes that hot water constantly circulates through the system. This means that heated water can be used immediately after the tap is opened, rather than having to wait some time for it to reach the tap point from the water heater. Thanks to the installation of indirect heating boilers, it becomes possible to implement recirculation, which works efficiently and with minimal energy consumption.
If the DHW system consists of a gas boiler and a BCS, then the coolant is not spent on heating water during the heating season, but only electricity is consumed to operate the circulation pump. In this case, heat losses from hot water supply pipes are not taken into account, since the heat is transferred into the room.
Advantages of indirect water heating
The main advantage of using indirect heating boilers is the absence of additional energy costs for the preparation of hot water. The advantages of BKN do not end there:
High performance.
The hot water supply and increased power of the latest generation units are sufficient to supply water to several water collection points.
No load on electrical wiring.
The energy required for heating is obtained from an external source.
Inertia-free work.
Hot water circulates throughout the system constantly, so when you open the tap you don’t have to wait for the cold sediment to drain.
Hygiene.
Recirculation of hot water does not create favorable conditions for the life of pathogenic microorganisms.
Durability.
The design of the boiler prevents contact of running water with the inner surface of the heat exchanger, so salt deposits and scale do not accumulate on it. In addition, the design provides for the installation of a magnesium anode, which protects the heating element and heat exchanger from corrosion.
Possibility of connecting to several sources of thermal energy.
Are there any disadvantages?
The disadvantages of indirect heating boilers include:
Dependence on heat sources.
The operation of the device is based on the intake of heat coming from an external heat generator.
Electricity consumption in summer.
At the end of the heating season, an electric heater built into the boiler design is used to heat the water.
Large dimensions.
For technical reasons, the device cannot be compact.
Main characteristics
Volume of the tank
The main parameter of an indirect heating boiler is the tank capacity. As its volume increases, its dimensions and cost increase, so correctly determining the family’s needs for hot water will help to avoid unnecessary expenses.
Average maximum values of hot water consumption per day:
personal hygiene - 15 l;
washing dishes - 25 l;
shower - 100 l;
Conventionally, it is believed that one person consumes up to 100 liters of water, but the actual volume depends on lifestyle and habits. They are individual for each family member, but as a guide, the given water consumption values can be used with adjustments.
The heating time depends on many factors: the volume of the tank, the magnitude of the temperature difference between the water and the coolant, water consumption and many others. Thus, a tank with a larger volume will require a longer time to heat the water.
Heating method
By definition, water heating in indirect heating boilers occurs indirectly due to heat exchange between the coolant and water. Some models are equipped with a heating element, which is used to prepare hot water at the end of the heating season. If the unit is not equipped with an electric heating element, then most of them provide the possibility of installing it in a special pipe or inspection hole.
Installation of a gas boiler in combined kitchens
In modern construction, the arrangement of studio apartments or layouts in which the living room and kitchen are combined into one large space is actively practiced. Of course, such a solution has a lot of advantages - for example, it opens up a large portion of free space, which is perfect for implementing all kinds of design ideas.
The problem is that gas services regard such layouts as residential, so the installation of any gas equipment in them is prohibited. In studios this problem cannot be solved, but when combining a living room with a kitchen, options are possible.
So, it is quite possible to call the room “kitchen-dining room” during the paperwork process. Thanks to this name, the combined room will not be considered residential, so you can safely install a gas boiler in it. Another option is the installation of a sliding partition between the rooms or a complete re-issuance of all certification papers.
Why keep distance
The kitchen is the busiest area with electrical appliances. A refrigerator, a microwave oven, an exhaust system, a dishwasher - these are a small fraction of household appliances, without which it is impossible to imagine it. Therefore, safety in this part of the apartment should come first. Electricity, gas and water supply are useful inventions, but in the hands of a hack or an irresponsible person they become the cause of fires, injuries, and accidents. To avoid such troubles when developing a kitchen design, you need to carefully consider all the details of the interior, and also carefully consider the location of sockets in relation to the gas pipe, hob, and heating appliances. Health, well-being, and sometimes even human life depend on it.
Gas boiler location
A gas boiler in an apartment is usually placed in the kitchen, which is determined by the presence of all the necessary communications, and the distance from the gas pipe to the boiler is maintained without problems. As a rule, wall-mounted boilers are used for apartments, which are attached to the walls using special brackets that come with the equipment.
If the house has a staircase leading to the top floor, the owners have a desire to install a boiler under it. As a rule, the volume of space under the stairs is enough for a boiler, but there are problems with ventilation, so it has to be arranged separately using large-diameter pipes.
Deciding where to install a boiler in a private home depends on the format of the equipment and the requirements specified in the attached documentation. The passport for the boiler always indicates the required distances from the walls, ceiling and opposite wall, and you should definitely focus on these indicators.
Installation cost
In principle, any metering device is the property of the person who owns the apartment. Accordingly, the customer must reimburse not only the cost of the meter, but also the installation work.
There are a number of factors that can affect the overall cost. Let's look at them:
- For whose money will the device be purchased?
- The need for welding work or its absence.
- The length of communications for the output of the metering device.
- The number of devices in the apartment that consume gas (boiler, gas stove, water heater).
If we talk about the specific cost, then installing a gas meter with one gas stove will cost on average 4000-5000 rubles.
Source: fb.ru
Installation features according to SNIP
In the absence of specific recommendations in the documents attached to the boiler, it is worth using SNIP standards, according to which:
- Installation of gas boilers is only possible on walls made of non-combustible materials. The distance from the gas boiler to the wall must exceed 2 cm.
- If the walls are still subject to combustion, they must be protected with fireproof material. The most common options are a layer of asbestos with a metal sheet, plaster over 3 cm thick, ceramic tiles or mineral wool cardboard.
- On the sides, the distance from the boiler to the wall must be at least 10 cm. If the walls are made of flammable materials, this distance increases to 25 cm.
- A gas boiler can only be installed on a substrate made of non-combustible material. In the case of wooden coverings, special supports are made from tiles or bricks, which provide the necessary fire resistance. The base for floor-standing devices must be at least 10 cm wider than the dimensions of the boiler itself.
Types of products
Surface socket
According to shape, size and installation method, there are the following sockets with three sockets:
- internal - suitable if the apartment has a hidden type of wiring;
- external – a built-in cover prevents dust from entering the openings, the housing has increased protection;
- built-in and overhead - recessed into the wall surface.
Modern manufacturers produce models with or without grounding, as well as with a fuse that ensures shutdown in the event of a short circuit.
Triple sockets have two types of contacts:
- during operation, petal ones lose their properties of rigidity and elasticity and can spark;
- spring ones are characterized by increased wear resistance.
The optimal contact material is brass.
Glazing material
When installing a window for a gasified boiler room, special requirements are also imposed on the frame material. They must be resistant to high temperatures and made from environmentally friendly materials.
Aluminum or metal-plastic is used to construct the window structure. The aluminum profile protects the heated compartment from adverse climatic conditions. It provides reliable sealing that prevents the formation of drafts and prevents the fire in the boiler from going out even with strong gusts of wind outside.
Metal-plastic frames are no less reliable and help retain heat in the furnace room.
Plain sheet glass is used as a glazing material. It is also allowed to install double-glazed windows that meet the requirements of GOST and act as easily removable structures.
It's time to replace the gas meter
When is it time to change the meter?
Each meter has a verification period. Usually this time is from 8 to 10 years. The first verification takes place at the time of installation of the meter. Thus, the verification time falls exactly in the middle of the device’s service life.
If the meter is in good working order and measures the readings correctly, then it is left in operation for another period. And if the readings are not accurate, then the gas meter must be replaced.
You were told to install a meter of a certain brand, what should you do?
No one can oblige you to install a specific brand of gas meter. The service organization is obliged to accept from you any metering device certified in the Russian Federation. The main thing is that the technical requirements are met.
What technical requirements must be taken into account when choosing a gas meter?
- Counter volume. Usually this parameter appears directly in the name of the counter after the letter “G”. For example G4, G6, G10. The larger the volume, the greater the throughput.
- Thermal correction. The meter can be installed both in a heated room and outdoors. Outdoor temperatures can vary by 80-90 degrees throughout the year. Therefore, it is necessary to install a thermal corrector in street meters to correctly account for consumed gas. This parameter also usually appears in the name of the meter and is designated by the letter “T”. G4 - without thermal corrector, G4T - with thermal corrector.
- Distance between centers of gas supply pipes. This parameter can be measured using a ruler. Standard distances between pipe centers for household gas meters: G4 – 110 mm G6 – 200 or 250 mm G10 – 250 or 250 mm
- Gas inlet direction. Stand facing the meter display. If the gas inlet pipe is on your left, it means the gas supply is from left to right. If on the right hand, then from right to left.
- Thread diameter. The pipes through which gas flows must be hermetically sealed in the meter. And if the diameter of the pipe is, say, 40 mm, and the thread on the meter is 32 mm, then of course they will not meet at the junction. But unlike the problem of non-standard distance between pipes, the problem with threads is quite simply solved with an adapter nozzle.
Which brand of counter should I choose?
There is no clear answer here. Call us at 8-962-957-32-80, we will advise you and help you with your choice.
Easily removable window structures
An easily removable building envelope (ELS) is window glass that easily breaks under excessive pressure in the event of an emergency. The window opening is completely freed, while all the supporting structures of the building maintain their integrity.
Easily removable window designs
The use of reinforced glass for glazing LSC is prohibited, since it is too strong and does not collapse under the influence of loads. The same goes for polycarbonate, triplex and stalinite.
According to GOST standards, special elements can be used instead of simple glass in light-removable structures.
It could be:
- a rotating flap, which, in the event of a gas explosion, even with a slight excess of pressure, swings outward or rotates around the fastening elements;
- a displaceable element that includes a window frame with a double-glazed window - in the event of an emergency, the structure falls apart and flies out onto the street.
To equip window units with a combustion chamber operating on gas, safety locking mechanisms, latches and self-destructive fasteners are used. Their function is to ensure the smooth release of the displacing or rotating device under the influence of excessive pressure.
Thus, it is not only the size of the window unit that matters. With its help, an opening is cleared for the release of the energy generated during the explosion of the combustion equipment.
