Plastic containers for sewerage: advantages of the material, which septic tanks are used in, features of installation and operation

There are several standard schemes for autonomous sewage systems for a private house, country cottage or summer house. The choice of a specific option depends on many factors - from the seasonality of residence to budget restrictions. But a plastic container for sewage is present in most schemes.

Depending on the capacity of the septic tank, the size of the sewage tank for a private home is selected Source plastservise.com

Advantages of plastic compared to other materials

Before the advent of plastic, other materials were used in the construction of sewage systems.

At the domestic level, pipes made of asbestos cement, ceramics and cast iron were used to transport wastewater in the outer part of the sewer system. Asbestos cement is a fragile material and has a short service life under conditions of constant exposure to moisture (soil and internal). Ceramic sewer pipes are a little stronger and last longer, but are more expensive and more difficult to install. Cast iron pipes are expensive, but the worst thing is that at small slope angles they are prone to silting, and if sealing is lost, the external sewage system loses its ability to self-clean, which leads to blockages that are difficult to remove. Plastic pipes do not have these disadvantages.

To collect and partially process wastewater, wells made of reinforced concrete rings, bricks or monolithic concrete were usually installed. Sometimes welded tanks made of steel sheets were used as sewage containers. But all these materials have disadvantages that plastic does not have.

Concrete and metal septic tanks are significantly inferior in characteristics to plastic ones Source avokzal70.ru

A storage tank for sewerage assembled from reinforced concrete rings is still relevant today. Strong, reliable and durable material fully meets the requirements that are placed on it. Provided that the manufacturer produces rings without violating technology. Concrete is a “capricious” material - low-quality ingredients (for example, expired cement, quarry sand mixed with clay) or skimping on additives can significantly reduce the service life of a sewer well. The “weakest” link is the joints of the rings with each other and with the bottom. And in order for them to remain airtight, it is necessary to carry out reliable waterproofing. And the main disadvantage is that a storage tank or septic tank made of reinforced concrete rings is expensive, even when the volume of wastewater is small.

A brick storage tank is now not considered at all and as a cesspool. The high hygroscopicity of the material, even with external waterproofing with rolled materials, leads to rapid destruction and loss of tightness.

A brick septic tank is the lot of self-construction - impractical and ineffective, in comparison with a plastic container for sewerage in a country house Source rinnipool.ru

See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in installation and design of sewerage and water supply

In terms of production time and costs, a container made of monolithic concrete is similar to a small permanent pool without finishing. Such a structure is then very difficult to dismantle if there is a need to modernize the autonomous sewer system or redevelop the site.

A tank made of ordinary steel will not last long in conditions of high humidity and aggressive environments, and is more expensive than a plastic one. And using a stainless steel container is expensive and impractical.

A plastic container for a septic tank and wastewater storage tank does not have the above disadvantages. Its advantages:

• affordable price;
• inertness towards any type of domestic waste;
• absolute tightness;
• environmental Safety;
• high bending and tensile strength;
• light weight (simplifies transportation and installation);
• long service life.

The only drawback is the need to rigidly fix the container in the pit (for example, to a concrete slab at the base) and take measures to reduce the impact of heaving forces. This must be done so that the container does not “float” to the surface.

The plastic septic tank is fixed on a concrete slab or on reliable guy wires Source skopelitissa.com

Only peat bogs and the humus (fertile) layer have a low density (1150-1200 kg/m3), and the lightest loams and sandy loams (1600-1700 kg/m3) are much heavier than a plastic tank with wastewater. Therefore, heaving forces will tend to push it to the surface.

Installation of a storage septic tank. Standards.

According to Soviet standards, the location of a sealed septic tank on the site to a drinking source must be at least 15 meters. In holiday villages with plots of 6-10 acres and two or three neighbors, this standard cannot be met (not only your septic tank must be removed from your well, but also your neighbors’ septic tanks). For this reason, the bacterial background in wells can deviate from the standards by hundreds or even thousands of times. The quality of drinking water must be constantly checked by submitting it to a laboratory for analysis, or a high-quality water treatment system must be installed.

Expert advice:

If you want to buy a septic tank that needs to be pumped out only once every 2 years with a high degree of reliability and cleaning efficiency of up to 98%, you can buy a modern Super septic tank Tver, which meets all of the above requirements.
Conclusion of a specialist on a septic tank: A sealed septic tank is installed when any other options are impossible. This is inexpensive equipment, expensive installation and very expensive and troublesome maintenance, the cost of which within 4-6 months will exceed the cost of an aeration station or biological treatment plant with installation.

Types of sewage containers

There are three main schemes for constructing an autonomous sewer system. In each of them, the plastic container performs its task and differs in its internal structure.

Storage capacity

In function, this is a typical storage sewer. Refers to the simplest and most affordable scheme. The container does not have internal partitions, and its task is to collect household wastewater for subsequent pumping with a sewage disposal machine.

Inside, only natural processes of waste decomposition occur without separation into fractions and wastewater treatment. The frequency of calling vacuum cleaners depends on the intensity of use, and this is the main drawback that determines the scope of use - summer cottages, small country houses for seasonal residence.

The storage septic tank simply collects wastewater, which is then pumped out by a sewer truck Source gorobzor.ru

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At dachas and country houses, where people do not live permanently, but only from time to time, most often there is no need to equip a full-fledged autonomous sewer system that provides for wastewater treatment and its disposal to environmental facilities. In such cases, it is enough to purchase and install a storage septic tank, which will be quite sufficient to collect all household wastewater.

Features of installation and operation of sewer tanks

When choosing a place to install a container, it is necessary to take into account the gravity drainage of wastewater - if the site is located on a slope, then it should be located below the level of the house.

The bottom of the pit must be smooth and strong, preventing the possibility of the container moving so that the tightness of the connection with the sewer pipe is not compromised.

To anchor the container, use a reinforced concrete slab laid at the bottom of the pit with the obligatory arrangement of a cushion of crushed stone and sand.

To reduce the buoyancy forces of heaving, a pit is dug larger than the dimensions of the container, and the sinuses are filled with a mixture of sand and excavated soil or sand and crushed stone.

What is storage capacity?

The storage tanks in question are designed to collect wastewater from the indoor sewer system. Typically, this wastewater is then pumped out and transported by a sewer truck. But it is also possible to drain them into the ground after initial cleaning. These mini septic tanks are a sealed tank made of various moisture- and frost-resistant materials.

Unlike full-fledged local treatment stations, they do not have equipment for filtering and processing sewage. This is simply a small storage facility for sewer water.

Installation diagram

Domestic wastewater in such a reservoir can at most only settle before draining. Without constant calls from the sewer truck, this sewer storage septic tank will definitely overflow. As a result, fecal matter will splash onto the soil, which will inevitably lead to problems.

Design and selection criteria

The cast tank is divided into 2 – 3 sectors.
There is a blocker between them. With its help, an airless space is provided for complete cleaning. The first sector is where sewage comes in and settles. Then small particles remain.

The second is the processing of chemical composition with their decomposition.

Third, the remaining elements are separated through gravitational forces. Clarified wastewater is discharged via drainage.

In order to correctly calculate the required size of the septic tank, determine:

• body dimensions;
• daily volume held by the storage device;
• volume of water per family member;
• number of people living in the house.

Length, width, height are the three main parameters by which the body is evaluated. Pipes, hatches, and adjacent structures are taken into account.

To calculate the volume per person, it is better to use a standard table with average values.

König station is an ideal alternative to storage septic tanks for summer cottages

If you are looking for a storage septic tank for your dacha, we recommend taking a closer look at the equipment from König.

The König station is a local treatment facility and allows for deep biological treatment of sewage using the biofiltration method.

This complete system consists of several components: a storage tank with three chambers, an inlet for sewage, an outlet for filtered water, a pump, a compartment for biological products, a control unit and a ventilation outlet.

Each type of local treatment plant is characterized by individual standards, which stipulate: how many residents the station is designed for, the permissible composition of wastewater contents, the properties and volume of purified water. For example, marking with a “+” sign means that a pressure mode is required to remove filtered water.

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König stations are absolutely safe for the environment and the soil.

The design of the station is made in accordance with sanitary standards and regulations. Aerobic processes are provided simultaneously with ventilation, which prevents unpleasant odors from spreading outside the station.

Sewage waste treatment occurs in several stages:

1. Due to the slow movement of waste from one chamber to another, large fragments of sewage have time to settle to the bottom. Given the rather large volume of the three-chamber tank, the waste contents that enter it require two days to be processed.
2. At the next stage, a biological filter is put into operation. The pump pumps clarified wastewater from the third chamber, moving it to the compartment in which the biological product is loaded. Here the water is processed by already living microorganisms.
3. In the third stage, some of the bacteria-purified water is returned to the first chamber, and the rest moves to the third chamber, where it again passes through the biofilter. Bacteria decompose waste residues into water, gases and minerals.

Station advantages:

• One system uses several types of cleaning: mechanical, biological and physico-chemical.
• An impressive warranty period: for the pump and installation - 5 years, for the station body - 50 years.
• Made from innovative plastic, which is reflected in the strength and thermal insulation characteristics of the station.
• Cleaning occurs without the release of unpleasant odors.
• The resulting sludge does not need to be preserved.
• Can be used irregularly.
• Can be installed anywhere.
• Recycles any sewage waste.
• An operating mode without access to electricity is provided.
• Maintenance every two years.

Since 2003, Novoe Mesto Group of Companies has been installing and maintaining autonomous sewerage systems. Over the past year, the company’s specialists have installed more than 2,000 storage septic tanks for country houses and summer cottages. We are constantly improving our skills and knowledge in the field of autonomous sewage systems. We are confident in the quality of our work and value the trust of our clients, therefore we guarantee the reliability of the equipment we install.

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Septic tank

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Use of storage sewer

It is recommended to choose small storage septic tanks for self-installation only if they are installed on a summer cottage. If the cottage is two-story with a considerable amount of plumbing, then you will have to look for a very spacious storage tank for the sewerage system. Here it will be much more profitable to install an anaerobic or aerobic treatment plant, which has greater productivity and efficiency in processing sewage.

Installation

Pros and cons of containers

Before you start deciding which septic tank to choose for a private home or cottage, you should carefully analyze all the advantages and disadvantages of existing models. If the cottage is used for permanent residence of a large family, then it is better to select a full-fledged VOC. But for a country house, an autonomous sewage system based on a regular container or cesspool is quite sufficient. These options will be inexpensive, but they will cope with their functions without any problems.

The advantages include:

• Easy to install - a factory-made septic tank can be installed on site in just a few hours;
• Relatively low price for installing a sewer system;
• Ease of maintenance - you only need to regularly call the vacuum cleaners;
• Possibility of installation on any type of soil;
• A long service life - 20-30 years - a storage septic tank made of plastic will last without problems.

Even one person can install a lightweight plastic container. This design weighs very little. The main scope of work is excavation of soil for the storage tank. Moreover, if the land around the house has a high groundwater level, then a heavy “anchor” will be needed. Otherwise, in the spring it may well “float”.

Choose the right place to place the container so that there are no problems with pumping

To avoid such problems, something with significant weight is placed at the bottom of the dug hole. Usually this is a reinforced concrete monolith. Moreover, many builders prefer not to waste time on assembling formwork, pouring concrete and hardening it. There is no particular need to make a monolithic or strip foundation or anything similar here. For a storage septic tank, a small slab or several reinforced concrete foundation blocks will be more than enough.

Among the disadvantages of a wastewater collection tank for sewerage, the following are mentioned:

• An unpleasant odor is an inevitable companion of most types of septic tanks;
• The need for constant periodic cleaning of the tank from accumulated sewage;
• Limited volume - sooner or later such an option will inevitably fill up;
• The design strength of the plastic drive is quite low.

Modern plastic products are quite durable. However, it is not metal or fiberglass. If during installation you accidentally drop a heavy tool on it, the plastic body of the septic tank will most likely crack. When installing it yourself, you need to remember this and be extremely careful.

What are the disadvantages of storage tanks?

• Only the initial costs of installing the tank will be small. You must be prepared for the constant costs of disposing of sewage using a sewage disposal machine. The cost of calling such a car in the Moscow region ranges from 1500-2000 rubles. depending on the area.
• Storage tanks made of plastic must be anchored to a reinforced concrete slab in an area with a high groundwater level (GWL).

Review of popular septic tanks

The market offers a variety of models of treatment facilities. Here you can choose the most successful option that can satisfy the needs of a particular summer resident. All septic tanks can be divided into:

• non-volatile;
• volatile.

The first ones - non-volatile - are advisable to use in conditions of unstable power supply or if you want to do without these costs.

These include storage tanks and septic tanks, which purify wastewater through the separation of soluble and insoluble components.

Energy-dependent options generally consume a small amount of electricity. Many owners note a very small increase in monthly energy bills.

This group of septic tanks uses aerators and pumping devices, which ensures the highest degree of cleaning.

Even the simplest equipment requires proper installation and connection to the sewerage system

If we look at specific models, we can identify the most popular among users. Moreover, according to reviews from both seasonal summer residents and permanent residents, all septic tanks have proven themselves to be the best. The ratio of the quality of work and the money paid for them is quite acceptable.

According to the number of satisfied consumers and positive reviews, the following septic tanks can be distinguished:

• Greenlaws;
• Tank;
• Triton;
• Tver;
• Unilos Astra;
• Topas;
• Poplar;
• Leader;
• Eurobion.

Buyers recognize the most popular models as Greenlos, Tank, Astra, Topas. Moreover, the first model is energy independent. It also has a favorable price and ease of installation.

All 4 options are distinguished by their compactness, light weight, ease of installation, high level of wastewater treatment to the state of industrial water and the possibility of independent maintenance.

The range of septic tanks with biological wastewater treatment, such as Unilos Astra, is designed for a different number of users, both a family of 2-3 people, and for an entire street of 35-40 residents

Tank and Triton are non-volatile. The remaining models above are dependent on electricity.

Regarding the volume of the tank and the number of chambers for waste treatment, each manufacturer has several variations to suit customer needs.

For example, Unilos can offer a solution for a cottage community of 150 people - this is the Astra 150 model.

Choosing a septic tank for your home and garden

When choosing a sewer storage tank in a store, you need to consider many factors. Due to inexperience, this is almost as difficult as when deciding what to make the walls of a private house from when building it yourself. The first thing you need to find out is the level of soil freezing. Most of the septic tank must be below freezing, otherwise the water in the tank will freeze in the winter and burst the housing.

Moreover, almost every storage container has a neck protruding above the main part. It is designed to service the tank. The lid on it should be above the ground, and the neck itself should be completely in the ground. Otherwise, it is also in danger of freezing. All these dimensional parameters need to be calculated in advance.

Ecoprom U

The second point is the volume of storage septic tanks for the installation of autonomous sewage systems. The tank should be selected at the rate of 150–200 liters per day per person. If the drive is chosen for a dacha where the family comes only on weekends, then this figure can be slightly underestimated. But the larger the tank, the less often you will have to order a sewer truck. However, as the size increases, so does the cost of the sump.

FEKABOX

The third factor is that septic tanks must have a nearby place for access to a tanker truck for sewage trucks. To pump out the wastewater, they need to park their machine within 2-3 meters of the tank. At the same time, it is also not worth choosing various façade thermal panels with clinker tiles or decorative bricks to decorate the drive. The driver of the sewer barrel has no time to particularly look at this beauty. But he can easily damage it.

RODLEX

The fourth factor is the location of the sump. If the tank is sealed, then such septic tanks are allowed to be located right next to the house and garden beds. This is not a cesspool, which, according to sanitary standards, must be kept as far away from everything as possible. The main thing here is to ensure that the container is not overfilled. To do this, you should select a septic tank with a float sensor. He will signal in advance the need to call the vacuum cleaners.

And the last thing is waterproofing. Plastic cases do not need it. It is only necessary to carefully seal the place where the sewer pipe from the house enters the tank. For this purpose, silicone sealant and a rubber cuff will suffice. Everything is quite simple, this is not a membrane roof, which should be laid in strict compliance with the technology in several layers. A plastic waste storage tank is much easier to install.