How to cover walls with plasterboard: finishing options - frame or glue, technology

Covering walls with plasterboard for leveling and preparing for finishing is increasingly replacing traditional starting plaster. This is what drywall was invented for: its synonym, as you know, is dry plaster. Firstly, leveling walls with plasterboard is much simpler and cheaper than old-fashioned plastering. Especially wooden walls: to plaster wood using the Old Testament method, you must first apply glassine to the wall, then felt soaked in liquid clay mortar and a 2-level sheathing of shingles. Secondly, the most experienced plasterer, working with a falcon and a trowel, will not create a plaster layer that is smoother than 3 mm/m. The plaster itself, when drying out, will give more unevenness, because... applied in spots. Meanwhile, for many modern methods of decorative wall finishing, 3 mm/m is the limit.

Sheathing with plasterboard allows you to bring the wall up to a general unevenness of 2 mm between the diagonal corners. In addition, plasterboard sheathing has a mark in front of solid plaster. advantages:

• Hygienic and hypoallergenic - does not create dust and does not get dirty.
• Improves the heat and sound insulation of housing.
• “Breathes”, i.e. absorbs excess water vapor from the air and releases it when there is a deficiency; this is especially important in an apartment in a building made of reinforced concrete or sand-lime brick. The breathing of drywall is not as deep and even as wood, but still not stone.

Covering a room with plasterboard

There are only 2 disadvantages to leveling walls with plasterboard, but they are quite serious.

The first is fragility. If the corner of the furniture hits a wall plastered in the usual way, a pothole is possible, which is easy to repair. If a stumbled or slipped person presses his body against such a wall, nothing will happen to it at all. In both cases, drywall is at risk of breaking and cracking.

The second is the poor accessibility of hidden communications. If a pipe leaks in an ordinary wall or the wiring burns out, the problem will be solved with a groove, which is subsequently sealed. If there is an accident behind the drywall, you will have to remove at least one slab, ruining the final finish until it needs to be completely replaced.

Taking into account all these circumstances, the question needs to be decided: ordinary starting plaster or drywall. In modern budget and mid-level housing, the result is most often in favor of the latter due to the low cost and ease of work. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to give the reader as complete an idea as possible of how to sheathe and level walls with plasterboard with your own hands, because covering a room with it approx. 12 sq. m by hired craftsmen costs somewhere from 30 thousand rubles, the popularity of the material affects pricing.

Material

Drywall is a pressed mass of cellulose filler with a gypsum binder, covered with a protective paper layer. It is produced in sheets (gypsum plasterboard), up to 16 mm thick, and slabs (gypsum plasterboard) up to 32 mm thick. For cladding walls and ceilings, regular gypsum plasterboards, moisture-resistant green gypsum plasterboards, fire-resistant gypsum plasterboards in red or orange, and fire-moisture resistant gypsum plasterboards in green with a red stripe are used.

GKLO and GKLVO are used for finishing wooden buildings, because in case of fire, they delay the spread of flames for a time sufficient to evacuate people. All types of gypsum plasterboards and gypsum boards are intended for internal use only, because cannot withstand prolonged exposure to outdoor conditions. GKV is resistant in rooms with high humidity and occasional splashing (bathroom, hallway, basement, garage), but not in rain and wind.

Data on the main standard sizes of gypsum boards

The parameters of the most commonly used standard sizes of gypsum boards are given in the table, but in trade practice they are often divided more simply: into arched ones with a thickness of up to 6.5 mm, ceiling ones with a thickness of 9.5 mm and wall ones with a thickness of 12.5 mm (all - including paper covering). Arched plasterboard is intended for the manufacture of three-dimensional decorative structures, but can also find auxiliary use when covering walls, see below. Ceiling gypsum plasterboards of lighter weight, as the name implies, are sheathed on ceilings.

How to close a hole in a wall using drywall. Step-by-step instructions with video

Indoor construction or renovation work often involves major changes.
Redevelopment of structures should be approached very responsibly; project approval will be required. After moving the door blocks, you will need to cover the opening in the wall with plasterboard to create a single plane. The use of gypsum plaster boards in this case is more appropriate, since it ensures fast and high-quality implementation of all activities.

Basic cladding methods

Wall finishing with plasterboard can be done framed (over lathing), frameless with glue, or combined . The latter is equivalent in all properties and qualities to frameless, so they are often not separated. The advantage of frameless gypsum board cladding is the extreme simplicity and low cost of work. It also has less impact on the fragility of drywall due to its larger adhesion area to the load-bearing (base) wall. The disadvantage is that the stability of the entire cladding depends on the condition of the base wall: if it gets wet or otherwise loses its surface strength, a sudden collapse of the entire cladding is possible at once. Also, gypsum plasterboards cannot be placed on wooden walls using glue. In principle, it is possible that adhesives such as aquarium silicone or Moment-gel hold gypsum plasterboard on wood equally well and never show spots on the sheathing. But the cost of finishing will be such that mahogany lining is unlikely to cost more. Therefore, further attention will be paid to gypsum board sheathing on the frame, as it is more expensive, but reliable and allows for insulation of the room from the inside.

Note: some consider an additional advantage of gypsum plasterboard sheathing on the frame that it can be done without stripping the base wall, i.e. on old plaster and wallpaper. But, firstly, this cannot be done for sanitary and hygienic reasons. Secondly, without a technical assessment of the condition of the main load-bearing surface, there can be no confidence in the reliability of the entire skin.

Preparing the walls

In a new building, the walls do not require special preparation. It is necessary to remove the remaining mortar (if any) from the surfaces to be sheathed and prime it well using a deep penetration primer.

In older apartments there is a little more work. First of all, you need to remove the old wallpaper from the walls using a spatula. This will be easier to do if you first wet the wallpaper generously with water using a brush. After this, you need to check the walls for swelling of the old plaster. This is easy to do by lightly tapping them with a hammer. The crumbled areas should be thoroughly cleaned of dust, and then all walls should be thoroughly primed.

Important! To simplify the work, it is recommended to screw screws into the wall, which will act as beacons. The screws are screwed in to the required depth in the amount of 6 pieces per sheet. Subsequently, when the drywall is glued to the wall, such beacons will not allow the sheets to warp and sink while they are pressed.

If the walls do not require the installation of additional wiring, then you can start covering them.

USEFUL INFORMATION: How to properly dilute putty: tips and step-by-step instructions

GKL on a frame

The technology of cladding gypsum board walls on a frame is based on the use of thin-walled galvanized steel profiles. Wooden sheathing has now completely outlived its usefulness, even on partitions in heated rooms: due to thermal deformations and warping of the wood, cracks creep along it after 3-4 years. GKL sheathing on a wooden frame is suitable for small elements of volumetric structures, sheathed in pieces without seams. GKL sheathing on a steel frame includes the following. stages of work:

1. Preparation of the wall and existing communications;
2. Selection of frame design, profiles and fasteners to it;
3. Measuring the unevenness of the load-bearing wall, marking for the frame, cutting and cutting gypsum boards;
4. Frame installation;
5. Attaching the gypsum board to the frame;
6. Grouting;
7. Installation of skirting boards covering gaps.

Wall

You need to remove the old finish from the wall under the gypsum plasterboard covering. Electrical wiring is laid in grooves; the pipes are surrounded by a frame using crossbars (see below), because It is unacceptable to make slots for communications in the frame profiles.

Profiles

To cover the wall you will need profiles of the standard sizes shown in Fig. Sometimes the so-called hat profile (see below). Shaped finishing profiles are most often used for cladding gypsum board slopes, but this is a special issue, much more complex than cladding walls; craftsmen charge $30-$100 for 1 slope, depending on its size and complexity.

Profiles for drywall

Note: PS rack profiles are sometimes called wall profiles, and PN guides are sometimes called wall profiles.

Frames

A typical scheme for covering a gypsum board wall on a frame made of PN, PNP and PS profiles is shown in the following. rice. Suitable for most types of stone walls, also in a wooden house made of laminated veneer lumber, because it practically does not warp or “play” due to temperature changes. Suitable for internal insulation and double skinning (see also at the end). Using standard lathing, you can sheathe the walls of the GKP.

Typical scheme for covering walls with plasterboard

Sheathing using flat profiles (see next figure) is much cheaper than standard cladding, but is only permissible in dry, heated rooms. For wooden laths you need to use seasoned timber 75x50, chamber dried. If the general unevenness of the wall is up to 10 mm, and the local unevenness is up to 3 mm/m, the flat profiles can be attached directly to the wall (see also below, about fasteners for the frame). Sheathing along flat profiles is possible using scraps or pieces of gypsum boards staggered, as well as horizontally oriented sheets. This can be significant if the height of the room (for example, 3.6 or 2.4 m) does not fit well with the length of the gypsum board sheets. It is not recommended to do double cladding on flat profiles.

Wall covering with plasterboard using flat profiles

Finally, there may be a case when the thickness of the cladding together with the frame is required to be minimal , for example, in tight spaces. Then it is possible to make lathing for gypsum plasterboards only from ceiling profiles (next fig.), but double and single gypsum plasterboards with a thickness of over 14 mm and gypsum plasterboard frame will not withstand ceiling profiles. The recommended thickness of gypsum plasterboard for installation on a frame made of ceiling profiles is up to 10 mm. The same type of frame can also be assembled only from PS profiles, but it will turn out to be just as weak, but of full standard thickness.

Wall covering with plasterboard on ceiling profiles

Note: the sealing and damping tape in all cases is made of microporous rubber or a similar material with a thickness of 4-6 mm.

Fasteners

There is a wide range of fasteners for sale for frames under gypsum boards, but a direct hanger (pos. 1 in the figure below) can be considered universal, especially since straight hangers can be doubled, pos. 2; the “whiskers” sticking out forward are bent to the side. This allows you to mount a frame with the possibility of insulation on walls with potholes/bumps up to 40-50 mm. The mounting legs of direct hangers can be bent back for mounting exactly on a corner or wooden stand (see below). Direct hangers are attached to the wall with self-tapping screws in propylene dowels with the threaded part entering the wall, at least:

• Concrete – 70 mm.
• Made of red solid brick – 80 mm.
• From silicate and red hollow bricks – 90 mm.
• Wooden – 100 mm.
• From foam concrete, aerated concrete, PHB - 120 mm.

Fastening and corner connection of drywall profiles

It is unlikely that any frame for gypsum plasterboard will do without crossbars to bypass openings, communications and assemble additional load-bearing beams at the joints of sheet chords. The cross members are cut from the same profile as the vertical posts of the frame. For mounting them, there are corner hangers on sale, but most craftsmen do without additional fasteners. If you cut through the corners of the profile, as in pos. 3a, then we get 3 mounting paws, pos. 3 b. But it is unacceptable to attach the cross members to the racks with an overlay (pos. 3c) in loaded structures: the screw heads will become sources of dangerous local stresses in the casing. Sometimes the middle leg is cut out (pos. 3c), the side ones are bent, and the crossbars are attached flush, but the knot turns out to be rather weak. It would be correct to trim the middle paw and place it on top of the vertical post, pos. 4. When installing the skin, a self-tapping screw will cut into it, the sheet of skin will be pressed, and the entire fastening unit will be very reliable.

What to fasten with?

Since we had to touch on the issues of assembling the frame and fastening the sheathing ahead of time, it must be said that the frame is assembled using LN9 metal self-tapping screws (with a press washer head), and the gypsum board is attached to the frame with TN25 self-tapping screws. The head of the latter is not conical! It smoothly transitions into the body of the propeller! If you attach gypsum boards with screws with tapered heads, the sheathing will not last long, see also below. Installation holes for self-tapping screws are punched in advance with a special profile cutter, see fig. If you simply drill them, then a skirt will not form for threading, and the screws will not hold at all.

Profile cutter for drywall

Marking for the frame

By cleaning the wall with a long, even strip - the rule (emphasis on the “and”) - is to determine its overall unevenness; The choice of frame layout may need to be changed. Then find the height of the most protruding mound. After this, a line is struck on the ceiling, perpendicular to the adjacent walls and spaced at least 20-30 mm from the level of the top of the highest hillock of the sheathed wall. From this line, another line is drawn along a plumb line on the floor; In this way, the alignment of frame parts is greatly simplified.

Next, starting from the corner along a plumb line, vertical lines are struck in increments of 600 mm so that they fall exactly on the joints of the sheets. It is also necessary to take into account that gypsum board sheets should be 20-30 mm away from adjacent walls, floors and ceilings. That is, the first line is marked at 620-630 m from the corner, the next at 1220-1230 mm, etc. The last line should be the same 20-30 mm from the final corner plus half the installation width of the profile, i.e. by 80-90 mm.

The next step is to make a mark on the vertical lines 80-90 mm from the floor and the next in increments of 600 mm until less than 600 mm remains to the ceiling. Then the last vertical marks are also made 80-90 mm from the ceiling. A direct suspension is applied to the vertical marks in turn and the places for drilling holes for self-tapping screws in the wall are marked. If there are not enough standard sheets in height for a given room, in a similar way, but now level, mark the wall for installation of crossbars. Don’t forget, the longitudinal axis of the cross member profile should also be at the junction of the slabs of the sheathing chords! That's all for now, you can get distracted by marking and cutting the gypsum boards.

Preparation of gypsum boards

Edge plane for drywall

At this stage of the work, you first need to cut the incomplete sheets to size. Cutting plasterboard is simple: cut with a mounting knife, break in weight, cut from the inside, see fig. below. “From the inside out” is conditional, both layers of gypsum board are the same. Next, chamfers are removed from the edges of the sheets for grouting the joints. To do this you will need a drywall edge plane, see fig. on right. If you have a one-time job for yourself, then it is better to rent it, because... This tool is not suitable for anything else. You need to take a plane for 2 angles - 45 and 22.5 degrees; why - see below, about grouting joints.

How to cut drywall

Note: you need to cut the last sheet along the row (belt) to the width of approx. 10 mm narrower than what was measured. The fact is that for thermal deformation of the sheets themselves, you need to give a gap of 1-2 mm between them. On a wall of normal length there will be about that much. You can take this value into account when marking the wall for the frame, but there will be a lot of fuss, and a profile width of 60 mm on a regular wall is enough to compensate for the discrepancy.

The next point is marking and drilling/cutting holes and openings for sockets, lamps, pipes, ventilation, etc. To do this, it is convenient to use a sheet of ordinary packaging cardboard 600 mm wide: it is applied to the wall, pressed over the recesses with the palm of your hand, the contours are outlined with a pencil, cut out and transferred to the gypsum board. Holes in drywall are cut with a pen or compass drill, and rectangular openings are cut with a drywall knife. It is similar to the mounting one, only its blade is thicker and stronger.

Frame assembly

Installation of guide profiles for drywall

Installation of the frame for gypsum board cladding begins with the installation of guide profiles on the floor and ceiling. If adjacent walls are not sheathed, PN profiles are also placed on them to create a solid frame, see fig. on right; connecting its corners - on each side with a TN9 self-tapping screw (so that the head does not protrude). The first attachment points to the floor/ceiling are 60 mm from the edge; the rest - in increments of approx. 300 mm so that the last one is also 60 mm from the other edge.

Next, straight hangers are attached to the wall, the PS/PP profiles are inserted into the PN/PPN (first at the bottom, then at the top), move them to place and check their evenness horizontally and vertically using a rule and a plumb line or a level in which there is a tube for plumbness. If prev. the work was carried out carefully, no additional alignment will be required. Then the “whiskers” of direct hangers are bent to the rack profiles and the profiles are attached.

Two-level profile connector for plasterboard

The next stage is the installation of crossbars. How it is done is described above, but sometimes, say, when laying pipes running along a wall, a second level needs to be added to the frame. This is done using 2-level crabs, see fig. left. It may also be necessary to assemble the crossbars from pieces, because they will be used for cuttings. Assembling rack and guide profiles from pieces is only permissible as a last resort!

The profile sections are connected end-to-end using straight connectors, pos. 1 and 2 in Fig.:

Connecting profiles for plasterboard end-to-end and crosswise

In critical places, for example, in the lining of door openings, windows and mortgages for hanging furniture and equipment, it is highly advisable to connect crossbars with racks not in a simple way, but with the help of special crosses, so-called. single-level crabs, pos. 3 and 4.

Connecting profiles for plasterboard end-to-end and crosswise

In the end you should end up with something like the one in Fig. on right.

Angles

In the case where all walls are covered with plasterboard, special attention should be paid to lining the corners. There are usually no internal problems; Schemes for lining internal corners for cladding on a frame and combined with glue (see below) are given in pos. 1 and 2 next rice. By the way, over the past year and a half, Knauf gypsum boards have become completely disgraceful: everything is in bubbles, soft, like foam, you can pierce it with your finger. Not counterfeit, original.

Lining corners with plasterboard sheathing

With external corners it is more difficult. You cannot place them on the edges along the rack; 2 sheets at once will end up with hanging edges, which is unacceptable. The stand needs to be placed on one side of the corner, a hanging profile of the same type must be attached to it, and the edges of the gypsum board should be attached to it, pos. 3. Then a PU profile using Fugenfüller glue or similar is applied to the joint of the sheets, pos. 4. It is better to take PU with reinforcing mesh, pos. 5.

The PU protrudes above the gypsum board by 2-2.5 mm. This protrusion must be reduced to the general level of the skin at a width of 400-500 mm, then it will not be noticeable and will not interfere with any finishing. Smooth out the PU protrusion with gypsum starting putty and a spatula, respectively. width.

Insulation under the skin

Scheme of wall insulation under plasterboard sheathing

Generally speaking, insulating from the inside is bad: there is a high probability of dew point getting inside the room. It is strongly recommended to lay insulation under the gypsum board sheathing only if the wall is already insulated from the outside. In this case, insulation under the gypsum board cladding of the concrete wall is done according to the scheme in Fig. on right. If the wall is brick or wooden, before installing the frame, a semi-permeable waterproofing membrane is applied to it, the same as is used for thermal insulation of roofs: it will not allow water to pass through, but will release its vapor. The best option is a microperforated membrane.

Instead of penofol, you can use folgoizol or a similar vapor barrier. It is applied to the frame before installing the sheathing with a continuous layer of foil inside. The overlap of the edges of the vapor barrier tapes is from 15 cm; The joints are taped with construction tape. The edge flaps on the floor, ceiling and walls are the same; the excess is trimmed off after installing the skirting boards. If there is no external insulation yet, then it is necessary:

• The sheathing is made from gypsum boards.
• The insulation should not be mineral wool, but cellulose insulation (ecowool), it does not fall off and retains its insulating properties when wet. True, ecowool will cost approx. 25% more expensive.
• Before installing the frame, apply a microperforated membrane to any wall.

Sheathing

To mark the holes for attaching the gypsum board to the frame, pioneer holes of approx. 2 mm in diameter, I place the sheets in place and use a mechanic’s scribe to mark the places of notches on the profiles. The distance of the sheet from the floor of 20-30 mm is ensured by scraps of wooden slats. Mark them and don’t lose them, otherwise the holes won’t fit together later!

The number of attachment points is 45-70 per sheet with a length of 2000-3000 mm, respectively. There are 5 points on the short sides (3 on the racks and 1 between them); the rest are evenly distributed along the long sides and along the center line. The extreme points should be 9-12 mm from the edge of the sheet.

An important point when attaching gypsum boards to the frame is screwing in the screws. The screwdriver must be set at minimum speed so that the head of the screw just presses into the cover paper without tearing it, as in pos. 2 fig. In other cases, the fastening will be weakened by 1.5-1.8 times, and if it is not screwed down enough (item 1), then the protruding fastener heads will weaken the casing. After fastening is completed, the heads of the screws are rubbed with gypsum putty.

Correct and incorrect fastening of drywall to the frame

Note: if the sheathing on the frame has 2-3 belts of vertical sheets, then there is no point in staggering it - it will not add strength to the sheathing, it will only make the frame overly complicated. At the joints of the belts, you need to place cross members (see above), so that the horizontal joints fall exactly in their middle, and fasten the gypsum board as usual.

On wood

Attach the gypsum board sheathing frame directly to the wooden wall, as in Fig. - a grave mistake. Apparently, the construction people have already had a lot of grief and trouble with this: there are many schemes of floating sheathing under gypsum boards in a wooden house wandering around the RuNet. In fact, ordinary straight hangers can be an effective damper between a “walking” wooden wall and gypsum board sheathing; you just need to place them correctly.

Incorrect and correct lathing for covering wooden walls with plasterboard

The cladding of wooden gypsum board walls is carried out using vertical counter-lattice made of beams from 60x75; wider (60x100, 60x150) - it won’t be worse, it will only take away more space from the room. The frame layout is standard, made of PN/PS profiles. As for attaching direct hangers to beams, there are 2 options.

The first is in a house made of laminated veneer lumber and with central heating. The mounting legs of the hangers are bent back and attached to the beam from the sides, so the entire sheathing will be stiffer. The second - in other cases: the hangers are attached to the beams with pairs of 6x60 wood screws through an oval hole in the shelf of the hanger (see again the picture with fasteners). Self-tapping screws are taken with faceplates and screwed into the wood, retreating from the edges of the hole by 6-10 mm. In this case, it is advisable to make the cladding 2-layer from 9 mm sheets (arched gypsum board).

Seams

The methods for grouting joints between gypsum plasterboard sheets/slabs vary depending on the type of decorative finishing of the wall. For elastic finishing that requires an absolutely flat base, but is not afraid of microcracks underneath (non-woven or foam wallpaper, PVC-based photo wallpaper, plastic tiles), the chamfer on the edges is removed at 22.5 degrees so that the apical angle of the V-shaped groove between the plates is 45 degrees. The groove is rubbed with starting gypsum putty with plasticizer flush with the general surface.

Grouting joints on drywall

For other types of finishing, the edge plane is set at 45 degrees, and the apex angle of the groove will be 90 degrees. In this case, the groove is filled with putty (preferably adhesive) in some excess, then rubbed into a strip. Next, until the putty begins to set, apply sickle tape (on the left in the figure) and press it with a polished steel spatula (on the right in the figure) or roll it with a slightly damp smooth roller. When the grout has hardened, rub the putty and serpyanka with a smooth transition into the general plane, as on the outer corner, see above.

Note: first, a pair of folded L-shaped pieces of serpyanka with wings along the seams from 15 cm are applied and pressed onto the crosshairs of the seams. Then a tape is laid along the seam with the same overlap on the wings.

Skirting boards

Skirting boards along the contour of the skin are attached to the floor or ceiling. If adjacent walls are sheathed, then a PU profile with reinforcing tape is placed in the inner corner, as on the outer one, and a plinth is attached to it using mounting adhesive.

What is drywall

Drywall is a building material used for cladding surfaces and is produced in the form of sheets. The middle of the product is made of plaster, covered with cardboard on both sides. Cardboard layers are necessary to give the material the necessary rigidity and protect the gypsum base from environmental factors. In addition, these layers create a barrier against abrasion during transportation of drywall.

More often used for interior work, less often for exterior work. It can be used to quickly level walls; it is also used to create multi-level ceilings, niches, columns, partitions, doorways and other design ideas.

People often wonder if this material is harmful, the answer is no. It consists of natural ingredients, although adhesives and foaming agents are used for production, it is absolutely harmless to health.

Drywall is a building material used for cladding surfaces and is produced in the form of sheets.

Properties

Drywall is easy to cut into the required pieces; when wet, it can be bent. These properties help to create various textures from it for interior decoration. Finishing walls with gypsum plasterboard will provide additional sound insulation; it also absorbs excess moisture, which it releases back when dry. This side of it makes the indoor microclimate more comfortable.

It is also a fireproof material, economical, and does not require the application of several layers of putty because it has a smooth surface. The versatility of use can also be noted as a positive property of plasterboard sheets.

The downside of the product is its destructibility if the humidity is too high. Plaster crumbles, and hanging heavy objects on it is problematic; for this it is necessary to construct additional fasteners.

Finishing walls with gypsum plasterboard will provide additional sound insulation, and it will also absorb excess moisture.

Purpose

The technology for working with this material involves only “dry” working methods. GCR is most often used for the following types of work:

• to level ceilings and window openings, this requires a minimum amount of time, but at the same time all imperfections of the surfaces are hidden and an even coating is obtained;
• for creating multi-level ceilings, various columns. The ability of the material to take on a variety of shapes makes it so popular among designers, because at an affordable price you can build original decor;
• for constructing partitions. Sometimes it is necessary to zone the space in a room, the use of brick walls is problematic and impractical, because such structures can create an extra load on load-bearing walls, and drywall, which does not weigh so much, is convenient for creating such fences, and saving time is also a plus;
• its heat and sound insulation characteristics are taken into account when choosing it for surface finishing.

The ability of the material to take on a variety of shapes makes it so popular among designers.
It is necessary to note for what purposes it is better not to use gypsum boards:

• use it as cladding for damp rooms where heating is not provided; in such conditions it will quickly become unsuitable;
• create partitions with capital loads from it, it simply will not withstand such heavy loads;
• It is also undesirable to cover the facades of houses with it, the harmful influence of the environment will quickly damage the material, it will gradually collapse;
• When finishing interior decoration, it is also advisable to finish it with something to increase its shelf life.

It is undesirable to sheathe the facades of houses with it; the harmful influences of the environment will quickly render the material unusable and it will gradually collapse.

Without frame

Sheathing gypsum boards with glue without a frame, as stated at the beginning, is quite possible. But, contrary to popular belief, its technology is determined primarily by the unevenness of the wall, and not by its material. Options for gluing gypsum boards to walls are shown in the figure:

Methods for gluing drywall to a wall

Method for pos. c – combined; First, a sheathing made from strips of the same gypsum board is glued to the wall. According to method b, lumps of glue are approx. 10 cm in diameter are applied in a checkerboard pattern in increments of 250 mm. The height of the lumps is the greatest unevenness of the wall + 20 mm, because The optimal thickness of the adhesive layer is 12-20 mm. The wall for gluing gypsum boards must be thoroughly cleaned of dust and dirt.

Note: Prepare glue exactly according to instructions. It is unacceptable to mix dry glue with water; you only need to mix it with a drill and a mixer. In general, the strength and reliability of the glued sheathing greatly depends on the quality of the water for preparing the glue.

Beacons for covering walls with plasterboard

The gypsum plasterboard is glued to the wall with continuous control of horizontal (rule) and vertical (level with a bubble on a plumb) level. Here the stumbling block for beginners is a crushed slab. It is unacceptable to pull it away from the wall; you can only press it down. In this case, preliminary gluing of beacons on the wall from scraps of working gypsum board or any other can help out, see fig. on right. Companies involved in drywall will gladly give away small waste from arched gypsum boards; to them they are just garbage. The crushed beacon can be torn off and glued again; in this case, the beacons are just a support.

Beacons are glued to the wall so that they fit between the cakes or strips of glue on the work plate. You need 4 beacons per gypsum board/sheet at some distance from the corners. Beacons are first glued to the bottom row, leveling with a rule, then from the beacons of the bottom row the rows are led upward, pressing down with a rule and checking with a level. GKL slabs/sheets are glued when the glue under the beacons gains strength, i.e. after 3-4 days.

Note: recently, “people’s builders” have made it even cheaper and easier to stick gypsum plasterboard onto the wall, replacing the glue... with polyurethane foam. Technically, this looks very doubtful, but there is no more or less long-term experience in operating such skins, so anything is possible in the future. Watch the video, if you want, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QEu7IJdnqVA, and then decide whether it’s worth trying. In damp, cold (but not below freezing!) utility rooms, it’s probably worth it. If it lasts there, it will work anywhere. And the method is ridiculously simple and cheap.

Frameless sheet installation technology

The first stage is priming the surface. We prime and wait for it to dry completely.

The next step will be preparing the adhesive solution. Pour Perflix into clean water, mix, achieve the desired thickness of the solution. It is advisable to mix it thicker so that it does not flow down with the drywall. I will warn you right away that the glue dries quickly, so you need to work with it quickly.

A sheet of drywall can be easily cut with a knife and then broken off. The edges remain torn; here we will need a drywall plane.

Apply glue only to the back surface of the sheet that has been cleared of dust and debris. In the center and edges of the gypsum board glue is applied in dollops of the desired thickness. They are made at a distance of 25 cm. If you need to glue a whole sheet, then you can apply the buns to the wall.

We apply the plasterboard sheet to the base and press it evenly. For better fixation, you can use a rubber hammer. We apply a block of wood to the sheet and hit it with a hammer. You cannot hit the gypsum board itself with a rubber hammer, otherwise you may punch holes in the material.

Only after the glue has completely dried can you begin to seal the seams. The seams are sealed using the same principle as when installing on a profile.

Finally

Sheathing with plasterboard will not cause you much trouble if all stages are performed sequentially.

1. It is necessary to prepare the walls (clean them of old coating, dust, dirt, treat them with a primer).
2. Select the method of securing the material (frame, frameless).
3. Purchase the necessary equipment.
4. Secure the plasterboard sheets.
5. Seal the seams with special tape, putty, treat the uneven surface with sandpaper and prime.

GKL decor?

It is well known that gypsum boards are used to make voluminous decorative interior details (on the left in the figure): arches, niches, shelves, suspended ceilings, even cabinets. However, flat multi-level decorative finishing with plasterboard is also possible, in the center in Fig. To do this, the blanks are glued to the wall by applying a thin (approx. 2 mm) layer of drywall adhesive to them with a notched trowel. If the room is being sheathed in a cramped space, where there will be no joints of slabs on the walls, for example. balcony, then you can simply paint the casing, and stick PVC skirting boards or corners on the corners, on the right in Fig. An option for cladding with joints is not to chamfer the edges, leave the gaps between the plates 2-3 mm, and roll a T-shaped PVC furniture edge into them with a smooth roller.

Options for decorative wall finishing with plasterboard

Tool preparation

Such simple equipment must be prepared before starting work:

1. Impact drill or hammer drill with attachment.
2. Spatula 100 mm wide.
3. Hammer.
4. Roulette 3 and 10 meters.
5. Construction pencil.
6. Stationery knife with a set of blades.
7. The rule is 2.5–3 meters.
8. Level 80 cm.
9. Plumb.
10. Plastic bucket 10 l.
11. Mack brush.
12. Flat strip 0.5 meters long.
13. Rubber mallet hammer.
14. Chop cord.

Finishing material must be purchased after all measurements have been completed, since only after taking measurements will the required quantity be known exactly.

Suspension for gypsum board

To hang furniture and household appliances on a gypsum board-covered wall, you must pre-provide embedded parts made of wooden beams or OSB in the frame. If the suspension point accounts for up to 20-30 kg, the mortgages can simply be attached to the profiles, as in the figure:

Embedded parts in a frame for plasterboard for hanging furniture and household appliances

If there is more weight at the suspension point or expensive equipment (TV, microwave) is suspended, then the mortgages must be framed with crossbars from the profile of the racks. Well, if the suspension point is less than 15-20 kg, then the suspensions can be attached through the skin, see, for example. video clip:

Complete closure of the opening

Sealing the hole is done using various materials, but do-it-yourself installation, especially if you lack experience, is recommended to be done using sheet products and metal profiles. The standard instructions include a number of sequential steps.

Preparation

You can seal the doorway according to the following diagram:

After restoring the damaged areas and removing all excess, the next stage begins.

Frame installation

To create a holding system, it is recommended to use a galvanized CW rack profile with a thickness of at least 0.6 mm and UW guides. If a well-reinforced opening is being sealed, then a combination of CD/UD parts can be used for the job.

This technique is used when it is necessary to close a niche in the wall. To better understand the process, watch the video:

Fastening drywall

Fixation of gypsum boards is carried out in the following order:

When connecting several elements, a small gap is left. This will allow you to better seal the joints at the next stage.

Sealing seams

The resulting plasterboard area needs preparation before laying the decorative material.

The presence of reinforcing material will prevent minor cracking.

Complex plasterboard structures

Designs with angles other than 90 degrees are considered complex. Design skills, accurate calculations and installation will be useful for design. Complex structures include:

1. Two-level ceilings with volumetric figures, such as circles, in the center.
2. Multi-level ceilings with radius corners.
3. Segmental ceilings.
4. Various built-in niches.
5. Arches.
6. Any non-standard elements or openings.

Thanks to plasterboard, such structures are light, strong and reliable. They allow you to make the interior original. Moreover, material costs will be minimal. During the installation process, you can think through the illumination of a structure of any complexity.

The main advantage of drywall is its ability to be reused. It is enough to carefully dismantle the existing building and redraw the parts.
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Conclusion

Processing drywall is a necessary and extremely important step for painting walls. Despite so many operations, performing them is not that difficult. In the video in this article you will find comprehensive information on this topic. If you have any questions, please ask in the comments!

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November 12, 2016

Plasterboard systems, Paint, Finishing materials

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Video lessons

As they say, it is better to see once than to hear 100 times, since there are enough subtleties in working with drywall. This applies not only to work with the drywall itself, but also to the work on forming the frame. And this is not at all surprising, since the quality of work depends on many factors related to the installation of the frame. If the frame is of high quality, then the plasterboard surface is unlikely to be smooth.

Video: false plasterboard wall

How to make a niche for a TV from plasterboard

There are also non-standard options for mounting the frame, which can strengthen the entire structure. Non-standard does not mean that it is wrong. The reinforced frame is most optimal for a full-fledged interior partition. The only problem is the cost of time and money, but they are fully compensated by reliability.

PARTITION made of plasterboard, double CD profile. Partition wall, plasterboard.

On the market of profile products, it is possible to find both smooth and corrugated profiles. The corrugated surface makes the metal profile more rigid. This is especially true in our time, since the manufacturer saves on metal by making profiles thinner, which affects their strength. By watching the video, you can find out which profiles are the best.

We are building a partition from gypsum plasterboard. Which profile is better?

In the following video you can watch the installation of the partition from start to finish. It turns out that everything is so simple that anyone can handle the task.

DIY plasterboard partition

Some features

Regardless of which option is chosen, there are certain features that should be observed in any case.

1. Before you start covering the walls with plasterboard, make a preliminary marking of the slabs. What is it? Imagine that you want to install various lighting fixtures on the surface, but how to do this? After all, after installing the gypsum board, you will have to spend extra time searching for the place where the electrical wiring runs. That's why they do everything in advance.
2. Direct cutting of holes for built-in lamps can be postponed. But then the possibility of contact with a metal (wooden) profile is taken into account.
3. The trim around window openings requires the most care. Often heating radiators are located under the windowsill. This means they immediately calculate the location of the removable screens. For this purpose, additional mortgages and false panels are made.
4. It’s better not to take risks and worry about pre-finishing the surface that will be under the drywall. What it includes is the application of compounds that will protect against the effects of various fungi and mold. They also provide thermal and waterproofing.
5. Wooden frames are best used in houses that are made of the same material.

Wooden frame for plasterboard
There is no doubt that covering walls with plasterboard will create a surface that will allow you to show all your imagination for further decoration.