The story of the sofa business: I was set on fire, sued, criticized, but I am in the ranks and continue to move towards success

2018-09-20

Author: Belfan

From this article you will learn:

• What rules should you follow when choosing a sofa?
• What sofa transformation mechanisms are there and what are their features?
• What shapes do sofas come in?
• Which sofa to choose for daily sleep
• What color to choose a sofa
• What fabric to choose for a sofa

It is difficult to imagine a modern home, be it a house or an apartment, without a sofa. This piece of furniture performs several functions at once: you can sleep on it, sit on it, or watch TV. Today there are many models on the market with different transformation capabilities, upholstery, design features, purpose, and so on. In any case, one day the moment comes when you need to change the upholstered furniture in your living space. Let's try to figure it out: how to choose a sofa and not make a mistake? In this article we will talk about the types of sofas and highlight the key points that you should pay attention to when purchasing.

Basic criteria for choosing a sofa

Before choosing a product, answer the following questions:

• How much space are you willing to allocate for the sofa when assembled and disassembled?
• How often do you plan to unfold the sofa?
• In what mode will it be used as a bed: every day or do you plan to use the product only for guests?

• What loads should the sofa withstand?
• Do you need a special place to store laundry?
• At what price are you willing to purchase furniture?
• Which models will you consider first: budget ones or with a more complex mechanism and reliable elements?

How did the business idea come about?

Hello! My name is Ilya Zakirov, I live in Almetyevsk, Tatarstan. At the time I started the business, I was 33 years old. The business was launched in April 2014, so it is currently more than 5 years old.

Initially, I was engaged in cargo transportation, that is, I transported goods in a Gazelle. One day they called me and asked me to take sofas to Orenburg, to which I agreed. To my surprise, there were quite a few sofas, because (besides me) 4 more gazelles arrived at the loading site, each of which was loaded onto 4 sofas and 1 chair.

I became interested, because on average a sofa costs about 14,000 rubles, and that day we were transporting 35 sofas to Orenburg. It turns out that we were carrying cargo with a total value of about 490,000 rubles.

When I returned to Almetyevsk, I decided to get a job as an upholsterer at this enterprise in order to study this topic well and subsequently launch my own business. After working at the company for 3 years and studying the points, I decided to start my own business.

What shapes do sofas come in?

• Straight.

This form is traditional. Straight sofas have been on the market for quite a long time. The straight sofa has a flat back and armrests on the sides.

When assembled, such furniture, depending on the dimensions, will comfortably sit 2-3 people. Products of this type are perfect for installation in small living rooms. When disassembled, the furniture becomes a comfortable double bed.

• Angular.

The name speaks for itself: such models are made in the shape of an angle. As a rule, they are placed in the corner of the room. In spacious rooms you can place a corner sofa and not along the walls. Also suitable for placement in living rooms.

The large element unfolds and quickly turns into a sleeping place. Therefore, you can place furniture both in the bedroom and in children’s rooms, where there is a need for a sleeping area. This type of sofa has impressive dimensions, and therefore requires quite a lot of space to accommodate them, especially when unfolding.

However, there are also small corner sofas - they do not fold out. This model can be placed in the kitchen or dining room without any problems.

The corner of the product can be straight or rounded. In addition, the corner is located both on the left and on the right.

• Straight U-shaped sofa.

U-shaped sofas are modular models that include a main part and extension sections on both sides. Attached sections can serve as a place to store linen. There can also be shelves and even a bar or an aquarium.

Sections of the U-shaped product have rollers, which ensures their easy movement. The main sofa usually simply transforms into a sleeping area.

• Semicircular C-shaped sofa.

The design resembles a U-shaped sofa.

Also includes a set of sections that, when assembled, form a crescent or C shape.

To easily place a model of this shape, you need a lot of space. Models can be placed along the wall, but, as a rule, they are used in the form of an “island” in the middle of the room or in some other area, for example, next to a fireplace, TV, or bay window.

The main advantage of C-shaped sofas is their non-standard design and modularity.

Among the disadvantages are the high price and impressive assembled dimensions. Another disadvantage is the inability to unfold the product and the lack of a place to sleep.

• Round sofa with interior space.

Very similar to a C-shaped sofa. The only difference is that this form resembles a vicious circle.

Round sofas are usually placed around some object, which is located in the circle of the sofa. This could be a hearth-shaped fireplace, a bar, a round table or an aquarium. That is, an object around which a company can sit pleasantly and comfortably.

Enterprise equipment

To ensure the normal operation of the upholstered furniture manufacturing workshop, the following equipment is purchased:

In addition, the company purchases a computer, software for a furniture designer, office furniture and accessories, and consumables. Thus, the initial cost of equipping the workshop will be 300,000 rubles (excluding the cost of renting premises).

Key tips on which sofa to choose

So, how to choose a sofa that will last for many years?

• First, notice how it looks.

In this case, you should first look not at the design of the option you like, but at the upholstery. If the model is made with high quality, it will have a long service life. But it is the upholstery material that can very quickly lose its original properties. Especially if it is fragile and short-lived.

What upholstery should I choose for my sofa? The best options are flock, microfiber, chenille, tapestry, jacquard. Any of the listed fabrics is distinguished by a variety of colors and high strength. But even high-quality material will gradually wear out. The upholstery will last a long time if it has Teflon impregnation, which protects the furniture from environmental influences and significantly simplifies its care.

• A high-quality sofa is equipped with a reliable frame.

Today, wooden or metal frames are most often found. At the same time, wooden frames are the most reliable and attractive in appearance. An important point: for their manufacture, hard wood species must be used: oak, walnut, ash. Yes, the price of such furniture is rather high, but it also lasts a long time. Inexpensive conifers have a short service life. Metal frames are easy to repair. In addition, they are quite practical. But furniture with such frames does not fit into all interiors, since in this case it looks quite extravagant.

• When thinking about how to choose a good sofa, be sure to pay attention to the fillings of the models.

Foam rubber is not a very practical material. Of course, the price of models with such a filler is quite low. But the service life is short - within two years. Latex and holofiber are considered to be of higher quality. Spring models have an excellent orthopedic effect. The degree of their comfort is directly determined by the number of blocks.

• The transformation mechanism becomes especially important if you intend to use the product as a sleeping place.

Today, the market offers a huge range of sofas with various mechanisms: “book”, “click-clack”, “folding bed”, “accordion”, with a roll-out system. The most popular and durable ones are “Eurobooks” and roll-out models. It’s quite easy to decide what you specifically need. Before choosing a sofa, disassemble it. Was the whole procedure effortless? So, you can safely buy this model.

• Size.

Before choosing a sofa, evaluate the size of the room in which you plan to place it. In terms of dimensions, furniture of this type is usually two- and three-seater. The first option is more suitable for those who live alone and occasionally receive guests. The second one is more spacious. The family may prefer him.

If you still like the two-seater model, you should buy additional chairs so that everyone can fit comfortably. The result will be a comfortable soft zone for everyone.

To accurately guess the size, we recommend deciding in advance where the sofa will be placed. It happens that a person, without thinking, buys furniture that is difficult to place in the room, since it takes up a lot of space. Measure the length and width of the area where you will place the sofa, and only then proceed with the choice.

• Additional elements.

It should be understood that each sofa may include different structural elements. Not all modern products have a spacious linen drawer: in some it is very small, in others there is none at all. If you need a box, be sure to pay attention to its availability and dimensions. This model may have armrests, including removable ones, pillows and other elements. If all these details are present, the price of the furniture usually increases. This means deciding in advance which items you'll actually use and which ones aren't worth spending money on at all.

DIY sofa - review of the best models and selection of the optimal style (90 photos)

The sofa is the most important part of the interior. It is the calling card of every home, so it needs to be beautiful, reliable, and practical. But the models presented in stores are often unusually expensive. The best solution is to create this piece of furniture yourself, which will save a huge share of the family budget.

In addition, to repair a sofa done yourself, it makes no sense to call a specialist. Knowing its structure, it is easier to fix the breakdown yourself.

When comparing photos of a homemade sofa and a purchased one, it is sometimes difficult to find significant differences in quality. By strictly following the instructions, anyone can make a first-class product with their own hands.

To do this you will need the following tools:

• jigsaw;
• special stapler for furniture;
• screwdriver or drill;
• sander (a simple plane will do);
• sewing machine;
• sharp knife and scissors;
• roulette.

• The types and designs of sofas are varied, but the main components of the product always remain:

• frame;
• mattress frame;
• back;
• side parts;
• stuffing;
• fabric covering.

To make them you will need:

• wooden blocks with a cross section of 40-50 mm;
• plywood with a thickness of 5 mm;
• padding (foam rubber, holofiber, batting);
• furniture belts (optional);
• textile material (batting, padding polyester);
• furniture fabric;
• strong thread for stitching upholstery;
• screws, corners, self-tapping screws.

The instructions for assembling the sofa are simple. The main thing here is the sequence of actions.

Frame

Made from long bars. To add additional rigidity, plywood, chipboard, OSB and other sheet materials are used.

All this is held together with self-tapping screws, screws and corners. They can be lubricated with glue before screwing in, after drilling holes. For convenience, you can first connect the parts with glue.

Mattress frame

It is made from a solid sheet of chipboard or from bonded boards bound with furniture belts. It is not difficult to make: first they are fastened with a stapler vertically, then the belts are intertwined with them and fixed horizontally (perpendicularly). Thanks to the binding, this piece of furniture will spring perfectly.

Back and sides

Usually hollow inside. The frame is sheathed at the back with a sheet of plywood and covered with fabric, securing it with a stapler. The ends are connected to the front side. Using metal corners you need to fix the backrest to the base.

You can give it a sloping shape and adjust the slope as you wish. The sides are produced in the same way. Then, all sharp ends of the resulting base are sanded with a sander or plane to avoid rapid wear of the upholstery.

Pasting

It is most convenient to use high-quality foam rubber mats, in order to avoid the appearance of holes on the surface, with a density of 35 kg/m3. Having measured out the pieces of the required size, you need to paste over the back from the top and front, the sides from the inside, and the plane over the binding.

The ends of the foam rubber can be secured with a stapler. After the glue has dried, these elements are wrapped in batting or padding polyester to achieve volume and smooth out unevenness.

Upholstery

It is better to sew covers using patterns that have already been prepared in advance. When this is not possible, you can, instead, apply the fabric to different elements and immediately stitch it, or make the task easier and cover it by tucking it in at the corners, but this method is not reliable. It is better to entrust the matter to professionals and contact a studio where they will do all the work for you.

After all this, the easiest thing is to assemble. It will only take 2-3 days of diligent work.

When assembling a sofa with their own hands for a summer residence, people want to use any available materials without much expense. Then, cheap or unnecessary parts can serve as a replacement for expensive ones. The result is a result that combines original design, style and functionality.

For example, you can take wooden pallets. They are sold for pennies on construction markets, for example. Used pallets should be thoroughly cleaned and washed. Then, it is advisable to sand even new panels and, if necessary, treat them with a moisture-repellent primer or paint them.

It’s not at all difficult to assemble a sofa from furniture panels. You just need to cut them with a jigsaw, measure the appropriate dimensions, and fasten them with self-tapping screws. Afterwards, coat with paint and let dry. In the end, all that remains is to make soft seats.

An unusual design move would be to make it from an old, disused bathtub. To do this, you need to remove the legs from it, clean the surface of paint, cut off one wall using a grinder and sand down the irregularities.

The entire product is painted, the legs, treated separately, are returned to their place. All that remains is to attach the seat and, if desired, decorate the walls with soft components.

Photos of sofas with your own hands

How to choose a sofa for daily sleep: expert advice

Why do people usually buy a sofa? This type of furniture has a wide range of functionality and is most often placed in living rooms. The product you are going to choose can serve as a sleeping place or a place to accommodate guests. Therefore, when purchasing, you should pay attention to the filling and folding mechanism.

If you are going to use the furniture as a sleeping place, the transformation mechanism is especially important. It should be convenient and easy for you to unfold the product, since you will have to do this constantly.

Choose the right folding mechanism

If the sofa is equipped with a high-quality transformation mechanism, it will serve you for a long time and will delight you with its simple operation. Remember, when disassembled, the furniture should turn into a soft and comfortable sleeping place. Experts recommend giving preference to folding mechanisms like a Eurobook or an accordion. Quickly folding and unfolding them is not difficult even for a child.

The simplest of all can probably be called a Eurobook. This is an improved version of the standard “book”. This model turns into a bed in just a couple of movements. First, you pull the seat towards you, then lower the backrest into the freed-up space. As a result, the sleeping place turns out to be impeccable - without bumps or slopes. If the model is equipped with flexible slats, the body is well supported during sleep.

When choosing a book sofa, pay special attention to its surface. It should be as smooth as possible. Such models have a joint in the middle. If the sofa does not have a dense filler that provides good orthopedic properties, sleepers roll towards the middle. Gradually this zone is deformed.

Models with a transformation mechanism are laid out differently - like an accordion with horizontal bends. If you pull the seat towards you, you can get a spacious and comfortable sleeping place, which can easily accommodate even a married couple with children.

Using a clamshell every day is not as convenient as the above mechanisms. It is much more difficult to unfold; the procedure is carried out in several stages. First, the cushions are removed from the seat, then the internal structure and mattress are removed, and then they are placed on supports. The main disadvantage of such products is a very thin mattress. It won't be very comfortable to sleep on it. Metal supports put pressure, and a person cannot relax properly. This option is more suitable for guests, where they can sleep for a couple of days. It will be difficult to endure longer: the back will begin to hurt, and the next morning the person will feel completely defeated.

Choosing a filler

The filler of a good model must be of high quality and not subject to deformation. Before choosing and buying a sofa, evaluate whether it will be comfortable to sleep on. A vacationer's spine should be in the correct position during sleep. In modern models, spring blocks and foam fillers are provided for this.

• In the process of making sofas, spring blocks of 2 types are used: dependent and independent . They make the product elastic and give it orthopedic properties. But over time they wear out and begin to creak. Even breakdowns are not excluded. They are also capable of punching through upholstery material. Therefore, when thinking about how to choose a sofa with springs, keep in mind: cheap furniture is not of high quality.

• Foam fillers. Sofas filled with foam rubber, padding polyester and silicone are especially soft and comfortable. Unfortunately, such furniture quickly sags and becomes deformed. Therefore, you should not sleep on them every day, otherwise the filler will have to be changed frequently. In addition, sleeping on a product with foam filling cannot be called very comfortable, since the vacationer feels constant rigidity, his spine begins to ache, and fatigue is felt throughout the body.

Batting, felt, latex belong to the category of natural fillers. It is quite logical that furniture with such fillings costs much more than with synthetics. Synthetic fillings are considered hypoallergenic. Soft types wear out faster than harder fillers.

• Combined filler. It is filled with foam rubber and springs and is quite durable. The spring block is elastic, and the foam rubber, on the contrary, is soft. The result is an ideal combination for everyday relaxation on the sofa.

Recruitment

To work in a workshop for the production of upholstered furniture, the following specialists are required:

For the main production specialties (designer, upholsterer, carpenter, craftsman), recruitment is carried out according to professional suitability criteria accepted in the industry.

What color to choose a sofa

When trying to choose the optimal color for a product, remember: the color should fit harmoniously into the overall color scheme of the interior and not contradict its overall concept. Since the sofa is usually placed near the walls, first of all, you should take care of the color harmony in the “sofa-wall” pair. You should also take into account the design and shade of the curtains. This will allow you to choose a sofa that fits perfectly into the space.

By following simple recommendations, it will be easier for you to choose the color of the sofa:

1. First, decide on the color type of the product.

On this basis, there are 2 categories of sofas:

• The first includes monochromatic models - either neutral (black, white, gray, beige, gray-beige, light brown) or bright (red, orange, blue, green, yellow, purple).
• The second category includes models with a pattern.

Plain products are more versatile and easier to match to the style and color scheme of the interior. Plain furniture looks harmonious in any room - both in the living room, in the kitchen or in the nursery.

The choice of products with a pattern, especially a pronounced one, should be approached more carefully. In addition to color, the design also has a certain shape. And here it is important that it harmonizes with the interior not only in shade, but also in other parameters.

Upholstery material is no less important. The texture of fabrics varies. Even if they have the same color, they may look different depending on the lighting in the room. This is due to the fact that materials of different textures reflect light differently.

2. The color of the sofa can be chosen taking into account the purpose of the room.

The color of the furniture can also be determined by the purpose of the room and your psychotype. There should not be a color explosion in the room where you plan to relax. Calm shades should prevail. And, on the contrary, for “active” rooms it is better to choose bright colors. Keep this in mind when choosing furniture for a specific room.

The bedroom should be dominated by calm neutral shades:

• beige,
• grey,
• blue,
• pink,
• blue.

The pattern on the model should not be very bright. Smooth shapes are preferred - floral themes, clouds, etc.

Since the living room can be considered a place for active pastime, the colors for the furniture should be chosen more boldly than for the bedroom. You can choose a product for the living room in a bright color, with pronounced patterns on the upholstery.

Bright colors in the kitchen increase appetite and mood. So you can choose red, orange, bright yellow furniture for the kitchen. You can also use neutral shades and place bright accents on the walls or other kitchen furniture.

It is believed that a children's room should be filled with bright and rich colors. Experts really recommend using bright models with eye-catching patterns in the rooms of children with a calm temperament. Bright colors will motivate them to be active.

But for very active children, on the contrary, calm neutral tones are suitable.

Below are useful tips on how to choose a sofa for any room:

When choosing the color of your sofa, always consider its shape. The volume-shape-color combination should also be in harmony. The color should be such that it does not visually overload your interior. Can you imagine a large black U-shaped sofa in a nursery or bedroom? It will create serious dissonance in the room.

Here are some more tips from designers:

• Regardless of the type of room, a sofa should decorate the space. If the interior of the room is designed in high-tech or modern style, then it is best to choose a bright model with a clear geometric pattern.
• If the interior is made in a classic style, you can choose a round sofa with upholstery in neutral colors. For a living room in a Scandinavian style, a product of the correct shape in a single color is best suited. If the room is designed in Provence style, we recommend choosing a model with a floral pattern of any classic or modern shape.

Having trouble choosing a design? Then give preference to a classic model of a simple shape with plain upholstery. It's a win-win. At any time you can make it brighter and fit harmoniously into the interior by placing an original coffee table nearby or adding colored pillows.

Budget option: simple and convenient

The simplest option for the back of a sofa is a regular pillow. This design can be called budgetary, since it does not require significant financial costs. For work, you can select several pieces of pillows; they will be attached to a wooden frame or nailed directly to the wall.

The first option is more preferable, since the fabric can be removed for washing if necessary. A good method is wide loops, to which the pillows can be easily attached with buttons or Velcro. They will look attractive. It is possible to constantly change pillowcases to match the color of the bed linen. An example can be seen in Fig. 3. Instead of pillows, you can use soft squares. They are more attractive, but difficult to implement.

Square plywood structures the size of a small floor are used for work. Such elements are not only covered with fabric, but also framed with foam rubber to make them soft. The blanks themselves are fixed to the wall surface in any order, but most often they come in parallel rows of 3 pieces.

The construction of a backrest for a sofa or bed may be required in various cases. Most often this is the replacement of an old headboard or backrest, or the construction of a new one in the absence of one in the first place. Such a backrest can make a sofa the central element of the interior, give the room a mood, make it more attractive and comfortable.

What fabric to choose for a sofa

The choice of upholstery should be approached as carefully as other parameters. Interestingly, 60% of the price of the sofa comes from it. So, what upholstery should you choose for your sofa?

• If there are pets or children in the house, choose durable and environmentally friendly fabric.
• Upholstery fabric should be easy to care for. Choose practical, easy-to-clean materials so that maintenance is hassle-free. For everyday use, you should choose dense fabrics - chenille, jacquard, tapestry. As we have already said, the presence of Teflon impregnation will provide the material with protection from moisture and dirt.
• The sofa should fit organically into the general direction of the interior and its color scheme.

The texture of beautiful upholstery made of velor or flock is very noble, but, alas, it wears out quickly. The material is “balding”. A simpler and more wear-resistant fabric is jacquard. The best option for mid-range models is combined materials; this is a practical and attractive solution.

Selection of premises

The production of upholstered furniture is located in rented premises with a total area of ​​at least 440-450 square meters. m. It will contain:

Workshops:

• carpentry (80 sq. m);
• sewing (35 sq. m);
• upholstery (70 sq. m);
• prefabricated (25 sq. m);
• packaging (25 sq. m).

Warehouse and retail premises:

• Warehouse for components and raw materials (50 sq. m).
• Finished products warehouse (100 sq. m)
• Trade and exhibition hall (70 sq. m).
• Company office premises (30 sq. m).

The estimated rent will be 81,000 rubles per month (with an average price of 1 sq. m – 180 rubles).

Master class on creating a frameless model

This design is lightweight, portable, does not scratch the floor covering, and can be easily repaired if defects occur. For work you will need foam rubber and durable furniture fabric. The manufacturing process begins with drawing up a drawing. First you need to prepare the required materials and tools, namely:

• sewing machine, threads, needles;
• scissors, glue;
• measuring instruments, chalk;
• highly elastic polyurethane foam brand HR 3535, capable of withstanding mattress loads of up to 120 kg;
• flock, zippers.

Let's look at the master class step by step using the example of a folding sofa consisting of 4 pillows:

1. From a standard sheet of HR 3535 foam rubber, the dimensions of which are 160x200x4 cm (length, width, height), we cut out the required size, for example, in this case, 160x90x4 is the base, 160x60x4 is the second layer (seat), 160x30x4 is the second layer (stand under the back), 160x50x4 – back. To form pillows for each of these components, you will need 6 sheets to get a sofa height of 50 cm.
2. We form pillows from foam rubber, glue the sheets together, and cover them with lining fabric. This will allow them to maintain their shape and will also make them easier to install in the case.
3. We sew a cover from flock. To do this, we make markings on the fabric corresponding to the dimensions of the pillows with an allowance of 1 cm, cut it into rectangles and strips, and sew them together. At the junction of the stripes and one of the rectangles we install a zipper.
4. At the final stage, all that remains is to assemble all the parts of the sofa together. How the parts will be connected needs to be thought through at the planning stage. There are two main ways to attach elements. They can be sewn inside out, stitching a double strip over the joint.

How to move furniture alone and not overstrain yourself?

Well, this problem arose - you urgently need to move the furniture, you couldn’t call anyone for help, how can you avoid harming your health and ruining the floor?
I know several ways to move furniture. But with any of them, it still needs to be raised a little. So:

I usually tie my lower back tightly, wet the floor (wipe it with a wet rag) along the path where I will move the furniture. It’s better, of course, not to lift, but to push. In some cases, standing with your back to the object and pushing with your butt and hands is easier than just using your hands forward. We also had to resort to cases where you lift one side of an object, slide a long rag or mat under it and pull the fabric itself.

And it’s difficult to remove, for example, a mezzanine or a wall cabinet from above on your own. I need to place something tall nearby, I put a stool on the table, take off the cabinet and first put it on the stool, then I remove it from the stool or table on which I am standing and while standing on the floor, I remove the cabinet from the chair.

It’s better not to strain yourself and not do this yourself. Take care of your health!

I had to move a lot of different furniture alone at home.

If it is a closet, secretary, chest of drawers, sideboard or something similar that contains things, then first you need to take these very things out of there. If there are shelves, you can sometimes pull out the shelf rather than pull things out of it. Without things, the furniture should be much lighter. And with sofas you can usually unscrew and remove the sides, but I only remove them if the sofa does not fit through the door.

Then use pushing and pulling movements to move it where needed. If it is possible to slightly raise the furniture, then place something under the parts in contact with the floor, for example, place a thick notebook. This is to avoid scratching the floor. For greater slip, you can lubricate the floor with either plain water, soapy water, or oil. When something doesn't move due to friction with the floor, I usually do this: I sit on the floor next to the furniture, rest my back against it, and use my feet to push off something, such as a wall. I have never been able to move furniture this way. It happens that the furniture does not move because it has dried or stuck to the floor, and when you push, pressing near the floor, there is a greater chance that it will move.

Source

Back

Frame corner sofa
No less important in this matter is the collection of a strong back for the sofa. Since this version of the sofa is quite simple and does not provide for a folding system, the backrest is made in the same way with a frame base. The backrest is fixed to the base using thick metal corners as tightly as possible. How much the back will be tilted is up to you to decide, based on your feelings.

Financial plan

At the initial stage of the enterprise's activities, it is expected to accept up to 100 orders for furniture production per month. In this case, the maximum cost of the product (sofa) will be:

The current expenses of the enterprise will be:

Taking into account the calculations performed, the total cost of products manufactured in 1 month will be 5788.26 rubles. With a profit rate of 25%, the average cost of products upon sale will reach 7235.33 rubles.

Taking into account the payment of taxes, the workshop will receive a profit for the 1st month of operation in the amount of 115,765.78 rubles. The profitability of the enterprise will be 25%, which will make it possible to recoup the costs of its opening no later than four months from the start of work.

Homemade sofa

I'm starting to assemble the frame:

I’m collecting for confirmations (I keep forgetting the word, counter-moments creep into my head