Choosing vinyl laminate: advantages, features, prices, reviews

Laminate flooring is considered by many to be an imitation of artificial wood; it is sometimes called laminate parquet. In fact, this is a completely unique material, different from all conventional floor coverings. It consists of 90% or more of wood waste crushed into dust - bark, shavings, shavings, sawdust. Thanks to the special multilayer structure and the specific pressing process, the laminate has unique properties.

Having entered the market as an inexpensive alternative to parquet boards, over the years laminate has taken a leading position in niche flooring. Often, a large number of classes completely confuses the buyer when choosing this coating, and unscrupulous sellers are not too eager to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of certain types of laminate. Therefore, so that everyone knows, we will tell you how to choose the right laminate, what it consists of and what are its differences.

What's good about laminate?

The material has many advantages and useful properties.

Advantages of laminate:

• No traces of furniture or shoes, no streaks;
• The structure of the laminate is made of environmentally friendly materials;
• No cracks or defects;
• Withstands all loads;
• The coating is easy to care for and always looks perfect.
• Strength and durability. Durable and reliable, flexible and resistant to mechanical, chemical and thermal influences, the material will serve you for many years. Suitable for almost any environment.
• Decorative. A large selection of colors and textures allows you to realize the fantasies of any designer. The material can repeat the structure of wooden boards, mosaic parquet, natural stone, ceramic tiles. It can be matte or glossy.
• Easy to install . Thanks to the unique fixing system, the laminate boards are simply inserted into each other and are securely connected to the continuous floor without gaps.

Operating procedure

You can often find positive reviews about vinyl laminate flooring, which indicate high reliability. It is worth knowing that in order to achieve such indicators, you need to properly care for your laminate flooring. It is important to immediately remove all stains of various types from the coating.

It is best to use products that are biodegradable. Such products will not harm the coating. Before using any product, you should carefully read the instructions for use. It happens that some products do not require rinsing with water after use. In particularly difficult cases, you need to use special vinyl-based polishes.

How to properly care for flexible laminate flooring?

You can replace damaged tiles or areas of linoleum rolls yourself. It will be necessary to dismantle part of the laminate area and remove all glue from the floor. Then carry out installation again according to the procedure described above.

If you need to find out whether laminate flooring is reliable, expert reviews will come in handy. All that is required is to choose the appropriate solution and follow the installation rules. If everything is done properly, the coating will last you about ten to fifteen years.

What does laminate consist of?

But the flooring, so popular today, still raises doubts among some skeptics about the safety of use in living rooms, in particular in the bedroom and nursery. To understand this issue and make the right choice, it is worth knowing what components the laminate consists of and what substances in its composition are potentially dangerous.

Laminate is a multi-layer material. All its layers are pressed against each other. In order to find out whether a particular material is dangerous in everyday life, it is necessary to study its composition and analyze the degree of toxicity of each component.

The basis of the laminate is fibreboard (fibreboard). This material is made by pressing, so it can withstand significant loads. Paper with a pattern is glued to one side. Most often, laminate imitates more expensive floor coverings: parquet, porcelain stoneware, natural wood, marble , etc.

The paper is secured with a layer of acrylic or melamine resin, to which mineral ingredients are added to increase the durability of the coating. Then the laminating film is glued. It determines the resistance of the laminate to mechanical damage and protects against ultraviolet radiation. On the back side of the fiberboard there may be paraffin-impregnated cardboard, plastic or a layer of melamine resin.

The layers of materials that make up the laminate are connected in two ways: glueless pressing and gluing under high temperature and pressure. The second method allows you to obtain a product with greater wear resistance . This laminate can be used in high traffic areas. Compression floors are cheaper and can often be found in apartments and houses.

Mold due to damp screed - A trap that anyone can fall into

Builders are accustomed to the idea that cement screed usually dries before it gains strength. Therefore, almost always in the first days it is watered with water and covered with film so that it retains moisture and has time to gain strength.

Read more about this in the publication How to make a screed with your own hands without cracks

This is where the trap of consciousness lies.

The screed can dry for longer than 28 days

There is no guarantee that after 4 weeks the screed will not contain moisture.

Many have heard this standard: under normal conditions, a wet screed dries based on the calculation: 1 cm = 1 week.

What if conditions are not “normal”? This often happens during the construction of a country house, when the screed is poured in damp, cool conditions. In this case, drying may be delayed, and moisture will remain in the screed.

Moisture will continue to evaporate from the screed even when the house is occupied. It’s only a matter of time before mold appears due to damp screed under floating flooring. The family will breathe in mold without even knowing the danger!

And it doesn’t matter what kind of finishing coating there is: wood, laminate or (quartz-) vinyl tile. Synthetic material, of course, will not rot like wood, but mold will still appear underneath it.

Why is laminate flooring dangerous?

When people talk about the harmfulness of laminate flooring, formaldehyde is most often mentioned. Formaldehyde itself is a dangerous and harmful substance. But it is harmful only in high concentrations and is released at temperatures much higher than normal room temperature.

Habitual household practicality suggests: if laminate can be used in residential premises, then it is quite safe. So why is there so much talk about harm?

According to European standards, laminate flooring is divided into several emission classes; the class determines the amount of formaldehyde released into the air. Housing class - E1. This material is completely harmless to human health, since the proportion of formaldehyde in its composition is extremely small.

Some manufacturers produce laminates labeled E0, calling them formaldehyde-free. It contains practically no formaldehyde, but its price is above average.

Is cheap laminate flooring dangerous?

It's no secret that the favorite pastime of many of your compatriots is choosing the cheapest material and saving money. In fact, it saves your health.

Cheapness is achieved by saving on high-quality components due to violations of production technology . If quality manufacturing is not possible, strength is achieved by adding more resins. Such materials emit harmful substances in uncontrolled quantities .

Laminate flooring and combustion are dangerous. Refers to non-combustible materials; Accidentally falling coal from the fireplace will not ignite. But if a fire occurs, do not try to extinguish it yourself - when burning, the adhesive components release many substances that can cause serious harm to the body.

Features of using sealant

After laying the laminate, even by specialists, gaps may appear between the slats. In order to get rid of such a defect, a special sealant, presented in the form of putty, is usually used. Its popularity increases over time due to the qualities it exhibits that are better than those of the previously considered options. Among them:

• Elasticity.
• Durability.
• Moisture resistance.
• Perfection.
• Reliability.

The sealant contains silicone, which exhibits some of the qualities described above. During operation, this product is not afraid of elevated temperatures, and the sealing of seams and gaps of the laminate is performed at the highest level. The main thing is to choose the tone of the sealant to match the surface of the laminate. In this case, he will remain invisible and unnoticeable.

How to choose a laminate

Laminate is a floor covering that has its own advantages and disadvantages. In order for it to last as long as possible, you need to be able to choose it correctly. There are several types of laminate, the quality and properties of which are determined by the materials from which it is made.

Common sense should be the main criterion for making the right choice. Laminate lasts 10-20 years, but it increases significantly with light loads. Why save money by choosing dubious quality and harming your health?

When choosing laminate for your home, choose a proven and certified product from a reputable manufacturer. Prices can be found on any construction portal. If the material offered to you is much cheaper than average, if there are no markings on the packaging and on each board, look for another option.

Wear resistance class 31 or 32 is suitable for residential premises; these are products from the most famous manufacturers. There is no point in choosing a more durable coating if manufacturers provide a guarantee for several decades.

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To choose a laminate of suitable quality, it is enough to carefully study all the documents attached to it and check the product itself. This is what you should definitely pay attention to when choosing any quality product.

Each type of this flooring will release harmful substances into the room in which it is installed. This cannot be avoided. To reduce such risks, it is recommended to purchase laminate coated with acrylic resins. After covering the floor with this coating, the room will smell like wood for several weeks. If you are not satisfied with this, ask the seller to bring the long-standing item from the warehouse. The longer the product is in the warehouse, the less odor there will be in the future.

Main manufacturing companies

The number of flexible laminate manufacturers is quite large. The reason for this can be attributed to the growing popularity of the material, caused by the solved problem of resistance to water, the overall strength and attractiveness of the material as a coating.

Among the well-known manufacturing companies are :

• Allure Floor (Belgium).
• Art Tile (South Korea).
• Berry Alloc (Belgium).
• Dumafloor (Belgium).
• Hoffmann (Austria).
• Haro (Germany).
• Krono original (Germany).

This list is far from complete, but listing all manufacturers by name will not bring any benefit, since in each case it is necessary to consider in detail this type of material, its characteristics and features.

It is enough to note the large number of flexible laminate manufacturers and the variety of options offered.

IMPORTANT!

The high quality and great popularity of many manufacturers resulted from the appearance of a large number of counterfeits. When choosing a material, you should carefully examine the offered product and check for certificates and certificates of authenticity . One of the signs of counterfeit is the suspiciously low price of high-end products. If in doubt, it is better to refuse the purchase.

Composition and properties of laminate

A quality laminate consists of at least three layers of paper, resin and wood.

A mixture of acrylic or melamine resin provides reliable protection against dirt and abrasion. on the paper surface ; the color scheme can be very diverse. The laminate coating can be similar, for example, to marble, various types of wood, a beautiful original stone or sand base. The top layer of the laminate can be transparent or patterned.

The final layer will be a durable foil that will protect the panel from fungus and high humidity. Manufacturers can also attach a soundproofing ball to some types of laminate, but the price of the product will be much higher. Even if the floor is not very flat, laminate drapes perfectly and can hide any imperfections and imperfections.

Laminate layers

1. Laminate can be of different sizes, but the structure and layers remain the same. The upper part of the panel is covered with a film of acrylic or melamine resin, which protects the lower decorative layer.

2. The decorative layer is made of paper with a pattern or even color. The types and colors of the panels are precisely determined by two outer layers - transparent and decorative.

3. The third layer from the top is a protective film that duplicates the top layer, protecting the base of the panel from moisture.

4. Laminate types also depend on the base layer, which is the thickest of the entire paste. It is made of high-strength fiberboard (HDF) and has a built-in lock.

5. The bottom layer is made of unrefined or tar paper and is a stabilizer for the entire cardboard. It prevents moisture from entering the fiberboard, which may enter the HDF board in the form of vapor.

Properties of DPL and HPL laminate

The composition of the laminate in most cases affects the quality. A high-quality laminate consists of four layers:

1. Protective;
2. Decorative;
3. Carrier;
4. Stabilization.

Only the decorative layer does not affect the quality of the laminated board, since its function is only to provide a beautiful appearance. The remaining three layers play a fundamental role in its operation. The stabilizing layer makes the panel rigid over its entire surface, prevents moisture from penetrating underneath it and thus helps avoid deformation.

Resistance to impacts and increased loads is provided by the laminate with the load-bearing layer, the density of which the slab was used for production; a number of important characteristics also depend: strength, resistance to moisture and temperature fluctuations.

The structure of the entire laminate resembles a layer cake, consisting of four layers of different fillings. The technology for connecting these layers affects all of the above features. In this case, each layer plays an important role.

Stabilizing layer

First of all, laminate does not deform, which gives it an advantage over other types of flooring. This quality is provided with a stabilizing bottom layer, also called a compensation layer. This coating increases rigidity over the entire surface of the block. This is often craft cardboard impregnated with synthetic resin. Manufacturers of the highest quality laminates seal this layer with soundproofing.

Support layer

The base layer is usually made of fiberboard. It withstands all loads and impacts, and also provides thermal and sound insulation, moisture resistance and durability of the laminate. This layer has connecting grooves (locks), with the help of which the dies are connected to each other. This is considered the strongest point in the laminate.

When purchasing, be sure to check with the seller what it is made of. If it is plastic, it is better to refrain from buying it.

Decorative coating

Laminate flooring comes in a wide range of colors and patterned styles, and this feature is why many people choose it as their installation material.

Laminate flooring can be smooth or with the texture of any material or parquet, as well as in the form of a pattern. For the bedroom, soft tones of the beds are usually chosen; in the living room, it is recommended to place something from the textures of the classical style; for the nursery, light laminate is best suited, but it is necessary to take into account that this color does not irritate the child himself. Pure shades are ideal for bathrooms and kitchens.

Upper layer

The wear resistance of each laminate strip directly depends on the strength of the top layer. In the example of direct pressed DPL laminate for home use, the top layer is pressed together with the bottom layer and base. It consists of a decorative print that imitates various textures.

High pressure laminate from Alloc and Pergo, pressed using HPLÜ technology, 2-3 layers of special kraft cardboard and a protective layer with a decorative print are placed on the lower part of the top layer. In this case, the top layer under the reinforced press is joined separately from the base at high temperature. This type of laminate belongs to classes 33 and 34.

Laminate class

From this photo you can easily determine what class of laminate you have in your hands.

Each type of laminate has its own service life, but this date is conditional. It all depends on the load and working conditions. In general, laminate flooring can last at least twenty years if, of course, it is properly installed and cared for.

A number of characteristics of a laminate coating determine the conditions under which the operation of this type of slab is possible or recommended. But the most important thing is still the wear resistance class. This class directly determines how long it can be used, what loads it can withstand, in which rooms it is best to use it, etc.

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Laminated boards from different manufacturing companies are distinguished not only by their beautiful and varied patterns, thickness, and width of the board, but also by a combination of certain characteristics. Once you understand them, you can easily save money by turning off the options you don’t need.

Currently, three types of commercial laminates are the most popular and practical to use. There are four classes in total, but 31 and 32 are identical in structure and cost, respectively. These types of laminate are less in demand and the quality level is lower. The demand for such laminate is small, so it is produced in minimal quantities. At first glance, it is difficult to say which class a particular laminate belongs to, but each box contains a guide sheet. The instructions indicate the density, lot number, connection and fastening of each panel.

If the load is light, class 31 office laminate can last about 4-5 years. The average degree of loading, for example, in a store or utility room, is mainly chosen for laminate flooring at 32 degrees. We guarantee that it will last at least 5-6 years.

More intense and stronger load in cafes, bars, large stores. In these premises, class 34 laminate is used, which will last at least 7-8 years . If such a laminate is installed in an apartment, the service life can be tripled, since the amount of wear will be less. At home, it is enough to use a panel of strength class 32, 33.

In terms of quality and durability, commercial laminate flooring in a residential area can be compared to good parquet flooring, but the price will be much lower.

Unnatural appearance

Laminate, of course, differs for the better from linoleum. Thanks to its excellent imitation of stone, wood or other material, laminate looks very solid and attractive. However, the key word in this case is “imitation”. Upon closer inspection of the coating or with the first step taken on it, the fake becomes obvious, and the illusion disappears like smoke. Fans of solidity and natural materials are unlikely to like this nuance.

Opinions from the forums:

“At first it was unusual - they walked on the laminate floor as if they were walking on plastic. Parquet or even floorboards are much more beautiful and natural.”

“The laminate feels artificial. Barefoot you feel the unnaturalness of the coating, it does not “breathe”.

Moisture resistance

Each laminate manufacturer considers it its responsibility to produce a series of special waterproof coatings. It is not difficult to find such varieties, but it is worth paying attention to the environmental friendliness of this type of laminate. Panels from well-known manufacturers are suitable for use in all types of premises, of course, depending on the flooring technology and the correct choice of sealants.

In a word, if everything is done according to technology, such a floor will serve you for many years, even in rooms where there is often high humidity. It is not difficult to guess what a bathroom, toilet or kitchen is, where such additional advantages as resistance to dirt and abrasion play an important role.

A moisture-resistant laminate base also plays an important role in such cases. It serves as the basis of the panel, which is responsible for its strength. Today, manufacturers offer several types of substrates to choose from: cardboard, paper chips (PSP) and particleboard (chipboard), plastics or similar composite substitutes.

Important! If the wood-paper base is not specially impregnated during production, this type of laminate can be deformed when exposed to moisture.

If the panels come into contact with water only during cleaning and maintenance, work in such areas is also possible. It is also possible for laminate panels to become deformed for various reasons other than water. This could happen due to the underfloor heating system, or it could leak and flood the entire bathroom, and no one is immune from this.

Description of coverage

Flexible laminate has several names: soft laminate, vinyl parquet.

The design consists of rectangular tiles, the size of which is represented by the proportion: 300 / 215 mm. You can find square segments.

Technical description

Manufacturers offer products of different thicknesses, usually from one and a half to three and a half millimeters,

• Punching - up to one millimeter.
• Wear resistance of the maximum class is forty-three.

Laminate thickness

Laminated panels are available in thicknesses from 6 to 12 mm. First of all, the buyer tends to purchase laminate with a thickness of 8-12 mm. And it's not easy. Such matrices are much easier to install, and the base gains a certain strength; do not forget about this before choosing a high-quality laminate for an apartment or house.

Although for many these parameters seem irrelevant when choosing a laminate, you should not forget about them! The thickness of the laminate directly affects the reliability of the floor, as well as the height of the room, since the screed, the base and the laminate itself hide a little space, which is so lacking for everyone. Hopefully this article will give you an idea about the thickness of laminate flooring and which one is better under certain conditions.

While laminate thickness won't make much of a difference to ceiling heights or loss of space in a room, let's take a look at what the difference is.

Thick layer

In addition, the 8mm and 10mm thick laminates combine noise reduction properties . This quality will please you during use, which cannot be said about the thin laminate, which everyone calls “musical” behind your back. This option is only available on premium laminate models. Its sound insulation is achieved thanks to an additional base that compensates for losses in the ground and, as a result, provides protection against sound effects, for example when walking in heels or hitting something.

Thin layer

Thin-layer laminate panels (thickness less than 8 mm) have less positive properties and therefore wear out faster. And this was done, as you probably already guessed, to reduce its cost. In addition, panels of this type should be placed on a level screed or on a well-prepared base. Compliance with this condition will extend his life by several years.

The advantages of thin-layer laminate, as well as properties, are few. It costs a little less than its plump counterparts, and when installed, it hides a slightly less useful volume of the room. Although if compared with 8mm laminate, 2mm will not be particularly noticeable.

Locks

Locking mechanisms are divided into two types: Click and Lock. The option with the “ Click” has a double fixation system that fixes the dies at an angle of 45. This system allows installation even when the screed is deflected by up to three millimeters. Panels with “ Lock system are installed much faster and easier, but installation requires a perfectly flat surface.

There are also different types of laminate locks , for example Click is much simpler, stronger, cannot be broken, easy to install because the grooves are perfectly connected. This laminate should be installed at a certain angle, slightly pressing it against the base of the floor.

Another type of lock for Castle laminate needs to be driven in, one groove widens a little, and the tenon is heavily loaded. If it is not assembled correctly or does not fit exactly into the groove, the lock can break.

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In order for the laminate to turn out perfectly, you can use a hammer, and then the cracks will not be noticeable. Of course, you need to be very careful to get into the castle. To avoid damaging the panel, you can use an unnecessary wooden strip or piece of panel.

To prevent the appearance of gaps, the entire laminate must be brought into the room before installation, preferably within 24 hours. The panel must stand and get used to the set temperature and humidity. It is necessary to remove all contaminants, because even the most inconspicuous little thing can cause a gap to appear.

Installation methods

Laying laminate flooring without the help of an experienced craftsman is not at all difficult, and it is not at all necessary to have special skills and abilities. Do not forget that if you choose the appropriate strength class of the laminate, taking into account the degree of load in each room, the price and quality will be optimal.

When installing laminate, the method of fastening and chamfering plays a huge role. To understand what type of laminate with or without bevel, it is better to proceed from the purpose of the coating and the requirements for it. The presence of a chamfer strengthens the structure of the assembled floor covering, since the processed edge of the die is securely and tightly attached to the adjacent one.

It is worth noting that the presence of collected nests will contribute to the accumulation of bacteria harmful to human health. For this reason, it is not recommended to use this type of laminate in areas such as bathrooms or kitchens.

Another major difference between laminate flooring locking mechanisms is whether you use adhesive or not. Installing a backing with adhesive will take a lot of time and effort, but will ultimately give you a more durable floor.

If you use glue when installing laminate panels, there will be no gaps or large seams, as a result of which you will get the most even and airtight surface. Often this type of laminate will cost several times less, and if something happens, you will not be able to replace the laminate in the center of the room or somewhere else, and you will have to replace the entire floor.

Speaking about the technical characteristics of laying laminate panels, it should be added that some types of laminate, as well as parquet, do not cope well with “warm floor” systems . You probably know that wood shavings do not withstand constant temperature changes, but if you search, you will find panels that conduct heat well and do not change their shape under the influence of temperature.

It's up to you to decide which lock is better on laminate flooring. It also plays a decisive role in which room you plan to install laminate flooring.

Selecting a substrate

Flexible laminate requires a flat and rigid surface on which to install it. If a soft substrate is used before installation, the same as for conventional types of material, then the coating will constantly sag when walking, the locking joints will gradually become loose, causing the canvas to fail . Therefore, conventional types of substrate cannot be used.

However, if there are some imperfections in the surface of the subfloor, but there is no opportunity or time to make a leveling screed, which will require time to dry and create a noticeable difference in levels with adjacent rooms, then you can use a rigid underlay.

It is laid on the floor through a layer of sound insulation, which reduces footstep noise, levels the floor and at the same time forms a rigid base for the flexible laminate . Experts recommend using extruded polystyrene as a rigid and at the same time soundproofing substrate, which has the optimal set of qualities to perform this function.

Laying laminate

To understand this process, we suggest studying the diagram:

If the room was previously tiled, the laminate should be laid directly on top of it. There is no need to disassemble, the main thing is to level out large irregularities. If the heating system includes underfloor heating, it is advisable not to turn on the heating for about a week before installation. In the shower or bathroom, the floor should be treated with a mildew and mold repellent. Unlike parquet, which is not recommended for installation in rooms with high humidity, laminate can withstand any temperature and humidity.

Professional products

The chemical industry has also produced a large number of different preparations to eliminate the smell of rot and remove fungus. But they are often very expensive due to complex components and marketing hype.

• "Boramon" is great for treating any surface.
• “Mellerud” almost instantly kills the fungus and its spores, while the drug easily penetrates the porous structure of the surface being treated.
• "SZAVO" is suitable for combating any types of fungi. Conducts not only successful disinfection, but also has protective properties. Does not require preliminary surface preparation.

You can continue to list industrial products, but different regions have different assortments, and you are unlikely to order from the Internet.

Let us remind you that the instructions given on the packaging must be followed (with all precautions).

Perhaps you should contact a special service that deals with the sanitation of premises. They have serious equipment, for example:

• Microwave, which allows you to quickly dry contaminated surfaces (using ultrahigh frequencies)
• Special vacuum cleaners for water.
• Mobile dehumidifiers.

Cleaning companies use innovative methods and use instant disinfectants to quickly remove lesions. So serious work should be entrusted to specialists . It is acceptable if the company is well-known and has guarantees.

Laminate price

The decisive factor in determining the price of laminate flooring is both the product class and the country of manufacture . For example, a premium branded laminate made in Germany will cost you a pretty penny, and using this coating at home will seem very impractical. Seeing such a price, the consumer believes that the product will serve him for many years. In fact, this is not always the case.

When you are in a store and choose or have already chosen something suitable in color, take a closer look at the stores and try to find similar patterns among other coatings. In most cases, after 5 rows, the same laminate will be placed on the display window, only with a different price. It can be higher or lower! What does this depend on?

It should be understood that stamps of the same thickness, design and locking connection made in Russia and Italy will differ greatly in price, despite the fact that they have the same production process and almost the same quality.

If you are still determined to buy imported laminate, take a closer look at the models produced by Tarkett, Quick Step, and Egger. Among them there are also inexpensive, high-quality and, most importantly, imported representatives. The price is also influenced by factors such as the presence of a phase, antistatic properties, increased wear resistance and much more. We don’t think it makes sense to list them all, because they are individual in many species.

Important!

It is worth noting that the class of the laminate does not affect the creaking of the finished coating, deflection under the weight of the human body and other shortcomings due to poor-quality assembly. The decisive role here is played by how well the base for the laminate is prepared.

Which laminate is the most popular?

The strength of laminate is measured by the Tabers method . The blades are tested for wear resistance (abrasion) using a grinder with a rotating disk. The number of turns that the laminate can withstand determines the strength indicator - tiber .

Currently, the distribution network mainly includes German-made laminate, the abrasion resistance of which ranges from 1500 to 2500 crucibles. These are products from Parador, Kronospan, and Clasen. The products of these companies are environmentally friendly and resistant to moisture and chemicals.

Elesgo laminate is distinguished by the way its products are manufactured. The canvases are laminated with electron beams, which makes them more durable. The same company produces accessories for laying and repairing this floor covering: primer, grout for chips and seams, cleaning fluids.

French (Alsapan) and Swedish (Pergo) laminate is of lower quality. The products of all companies have almost the same design, but the color palette is very diverse: from unpretentious gray to poisonous green.

Advice from professionals

• Trust trusted suppliers.
• Use templates for columns.
• Lay the flooring on a flat, rough surface.
• Observe the principle of segment density.
• Avoid mechanical damage to the surface of the flexible laminate during installation. Otherwise, violation of the integrity of the protective film of the laminate can lead to its deformation during operation.

Soft flooring is an achievement in the construction industry! The surface underfoot is smooth, comfortable, resistant to moisture - a reality! Flexible laminate will help create the most favorable indoor climate!